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State the Theorem of Pappus.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The Theorem of Pappus states that the volume of a geometric solid obtained by revolving a planar region about an axis is equal to the product of the area of the region and the path traversed by the centroid of the area during the revolution.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Theorem of Pappus

The Theorem of Pappus applies to geometric solids obtained by revolving a plane region about an axis. Given the area \(A\) of the region and the distance \(d\) that the centroid of the area travels during the revolution, the theorem states that the volume \(V\) of the solid formed is \(V = A \times d\). This theorem also extends to the surface area of the solid, using the length of a curve instead of area.
02

Explaining relevant terminology

The centroid of a shape is its geometric center, a single point that could be considered as the 'average' of all the points in the shape. In the context of the theorem, it is the point around which the shape revolves to produce the solid. Revolution in this context refers to the movement of a shape about an axis, producing a solid figure.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Equal Volumes Let \(V_{1}\) and \(V_{2}\) be the volumes of the solids that result when the plane region bounded by \(y=1 / x\) \(y=0, x=\frac{1}{4},\) and \(x=c\left(\text { where } c>\frac{1}{4}\right)\) is revolved about the \(x\) -axis and the \(y\) -axis, respectively. Find the value of \(c\) for which \(V_{1}=V_{2}\)

Approximation In Exercises 27 and 28 , determine which value best approximates the length of the are represented by the integral. (Make your selection on the basis of a sketch of the arc, not by performing any calculations.) $$ \begin{array}{l}{\int_{0}^{\pi / 4} \sqrt{1+\left[\frac{d}{d x}(\tan x)\right]^{2}} d x} \\ {\begin{array}{llll}{\text { (a) } 3} & {\text { (b) }-2} & {\text { (c) } 4} & {\text { (d) } \frac{4 \pi}{3}} & {\text { (e) } 1}\end{array}}\end{array} $$

Finding Arc Length In Exercises \(17-26,\) (a) sketch the graph of the function, highlighting the part indicated by the given interval, (b) find a definite integral that represents the arc length of the curve over the indicated interval and observe that the integral cannot be evaluated with the techniques studied so far, and (c) use the integration capabilities of a graphing utility to approximate the are length. $$ y=2 \arctan x, \quad 0 \leq x \leq 1 $$

Find the length of the curve \(y^{2}=x^{3}\) from the origin to the point where the tangent makes an angle of \(45^{\circ}\) with the \(x\) -axis.

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