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Consider the following functions (on the given internal, if specified). Find the inverse function, express it as a function of \(x,\) and find the derivative of the inverse function. $$f(x)=x^{-1 / 2}, \text { for } x>0$$

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The derivative of the inverse function is \(\frac{d}{dx}f^{-1}(x) = -2x^{-3}\).

Step by step solution

01

Find the inverse function of \(f(x)\).

To find the inverse function of \(f(x)=x^{-1/2}\), we first rewrite the function as an equation \(y=x^{-1/2}\), then we switch the roles of x and y, and finally, solve for y. Replace \(f(x)\) with \(y\): $$y = x^{-\frac{1}{2}}$$ Swap x and y: $$x = y^{-\frac{1}{2}}$$
02

Express the inverse function in terms of \(x\).

Now we will solve for \(y\) to get the inverse function, $$x = y^{-\frac{1}{2}} \Rightarrow x^2 = y^{-1} \Rightarrow y = x^{-2}$$ Thus, the inverse function \(f^{-1}(x) = x^{-2}\).
03

Differentiate the inverse function.

To find the derivative of the inverse function, we will use the power rule, which states that \(\frac{d}{dx}(x^n) = nx^{n-1}\). So for our function \(f^{-1}(x) = x^{-2}\), we have: $$\frac{d}{dx}(x^{-2}) = (-2)x^{(-2 - 1)} = -2x^{-3}$$ Therefore, the derivative of the inverse function is \(\frac{d}{dx}f^{-1}(x) = -2x^{-3}\).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Derivative of the Inverse Function
Understanding the derivative of an inverse function provides a critical foundation in calculus for tackling more complex problems. This involves knowing that when you have a function, its inverse essentially reverses the input-output relationship. To put it plainly, if your original function says 'give me an apple and I'll give you a banana', the inverse function states 'give me a banana and I’ll give you an apple'.

Now, to find the derivative of this 'fruit exchange', we need a rule that can handle these kinds of reversals. Here's where the magic happens: If the original function is smoothly increasing or decreasing (like prices in a predictable market), the derivative of its inverse can be found simply by using the original derivative - but with a twist. Remember, it's a bit like operating a camera in reverse mode; what's normally right becomes left, and up becomes down.

We see this phenomenon come to life in our example with the function f(x)=x^{-1/2}. To uncover the derivative of its inverse, we executed a little algebraic dance, swapping x and y, and then solved for y. This provided us with the inverse function, and by employing the power rule (explained in the next section), we obtained the derivative of the inverse function, -2x^{-3}. This step is vital for ensuring that we fully understand not only how to operate this reversal but also to correctly interpret its outcomes in various applications.
Power Rule Differentiation
The power rule is one of the handiest shortcuts in calculus, especially when it comes to differentiation. It's so straightforward that it's like using a calculator for arithmetic instead of counting on your fingers. To apply the power rule, all you need is a function where the variable, say x, is raised to a power, n. The power rule formula is dx^n/dx = nx^(n-1).

What you're doing with the power rule is just a little bit of a mathematical pirouette: multiply the power by the coefficient (the number in front), and then subtract one from the power. It's as if you're climbing down one step on a ladder each time you use it.

Let's apply this to our example function, the inverse function x^{-2}. Here, the exponent is -2. We multiply this by the coefficient (which is 1, though it’s not written), getting -2, and then decrease the exponent by 1, which results in -3. So, by putting on our power rule dancing shoes, we smoothly arrive at the derivative, -2x^{-3}, a much simpler method than traditional differentiation techniques.
Finding Inverses of Functions
Searching for the inverse of a function is like retracing your steps in a maze to find where you started—it’s all about reversing the process. In basic terms, to find an inverse, we need to swap our 'x' and 'y' values, but the path to get there requires a blend of algebraic manipulations.

In our exercise, we started with a function f(x)=x^{-1/2} and desired to determine its inverse. We began by setting y equal to the function and then interchanged the positions of x and y. Algebra did the rest, guiding us to the result y=x^{-2}, which is the inverse we were after.

This achievement, mathematically akin to a triumphant exit from an intricate maze, illustrates an essential concept. The ability to find inverses shapes a comprehensive understanding of functions and their behaviour. It’s like learning to read a map both ways, which not only strengthens your orientation skills but also deepens your appreciation for the landscape of mathematics.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The population of a culture of cells after \(t\) days is approximated by the function \(P(t)=\frac{1600}{1+7 e^{-0.02 t}},\) for \(t \geq 0\). a. Graph the population function. b. What is the average growth rate during the first 10 days? c. Looking at the graph, when does the growth rate appear to be a maximum? d. Differentiate the population function to determine the growth rate function \(P^{\prime}(t)\). e. Graph the growth rate. When is it a maximum and what is the population at the time that the growth rate is a maximum?

General logarithmic and exponential derivatives Compute the following derivatives. Use logarithmic differentiation where appropriate. $$\frac{d}{d x}\left(x^{\left(x^{10}\right)}\right)$$

Let \(C(x)\) represent the cost of producing \(x\) items and \(p(x)\) be the sale price per item if \(x\) items are sold. The profit \(P(x)\) of selling x items is \(P(x)=x p(x)-C(x)\) (revenue minus costs). The average profit per item when \(x\) items are sold is \(P(x) / x\) and the marginal profit is dP/dx. The marginal profit approximates the profit obtained by selling one more item given that \(x\) items have already been sold. Consider the following cost functions \(C\) and price functions \(p\). a. Find the profit function \(P\). b. Find the average profit function and marginal profit function. c. Find the average profit and marginal profit if \(x=a\) units are sold. d. Interpret the meaning of the values obtained in part \((c)\). $$\begin{aligned} &C(x)=-0.04 x^{2}+100 x+800, p(x)=200-0.1 x,\\\ &\bar{a}=1000 \end{aligned}$$

Let \(b\) represent the base diameter of a conifer tree and let \(h\) represent the height of the tree, where \(b\) is measured in centimeters and \(h\) is measured in meters. Assume the height is related to the base diameter by the function \(h=5.67+0.70 b+0.0067 b^{2}\). a. Graph the height function. b. Plot and interpret the meaning of \(\frac{d h}{d b}\).

a. Identify the inner function \(g\) and the outer function \(f\) for the composition \(f(g(x))=e^{k x},\) where \(k\) is a real number. b. Use the Chain Rule to show that \(\frac{d}{d x}\left(e^{k x}\right)=k e^{k x}\).

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