Chapter 1: Problem 2
Use the Law of Exponents to rewrite and simplify the expression. $$ \begin{array}{llll}{\text { (a) } 8^{4 / 3}} & {} & {\text { (b) } x\left(3 x^{2}\right)^{3}}\end{array} $$
Short Answer
Expert verified
(a) 16 and (b) 27x^7.
Step by step solution
01
Rewriting the Expression 8^(4/3)
The expression can be rewritten using the power of a power law of exponents, which states \((a^m)^n = a^{m \times n}\). For \(8^{4/3}\), rewrite 8 as a power of 2: \(8 = 2^3\). Therefore, \(8^{4/3} = (2^3)^{4/3}\).
02
Simplifying using Power of a Power Law
Apply the power of a power law to simplify \((2^3)^{4/3}\). Multiply the exponents: \(2^{3 \times (4/3)} = 2^4\). That simplifies to \(2^4 = 16\).
03
Rewriting Expression x(3x^2)^3
First, simplify \((3x^2)^3\). Apply the law \((a^m)^n = a^{m \times n}\). Distribute the exponent: \(3^3x^{2 \times 3}\), which simplifies to \(27x^6\).
04
Utilizing the Distributive Property
The original expression is \(x(3x^2)^3\). Substitute the simplified expression from Step 3: \(x \cdot 27x^6\). Use the property \((a^m \cdot a^n = a^{m+n})\) to simplify: \(27x^{1+6} = 27x^7\).
05
Final Simplified Form
Thus, the expression is simplified to \(16\) for part (a), and \(27x^7\) for part (b).
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Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
Power of a Power Law
In mathematics, the Law of Exponents helps us work with powers or repeated multiplication of numbers. One of these laws is the Power of a Power Law. It states that when you raise a power to another power, like \((a^m)^n\), it equals \(a^{m \times n}\).
This is because multiplying exponents simplifies the process of working with large numbers.Let's delve deeper by applying this law to an example from our exercise. Take the expression \(8^{4/3}\). First, notice that 8 is the same as \(2^3\), since multiplying 2 times itself three times gives us 8.
So, rewriting \(8^{4/3}\) as \((2^3)^{4/3}\) allows us to apply the Power of a Power Law:
This is because multiplying exponents simplifies the process of working with large numbers.Let's delve deeper by applying this law to an example from our exercise. Take the expression \(8^{4/3}\). First, notice that 8 is the same as \(2^3\), since multiplying 2 times itself three times gives us 8.
So, rewriting \(8^{4/3}\) as \((2^3)^{4/3}\) allows us to apply the Power of a Power Law:
- Multiply the exponents: \(3 \times \frac{4}{3} = 4\).
- So \((2^3)^{4/3} = 2^4\).
- This equals 16, since \(2^4 = 16\).
Simplifying Expressions
Simplifying expressions requires applying various mathematical rules and laws to make complex mathematical expressions easier to manage. In our example, we applied these concepts to the expression \(x(3x^2)^3\).
A crucial part of simplifying is recognizing the use of exponents and manipulating them using exponent laws.To simplify \((3x^2)^3\):
A crucial part of simplifying is recognizing the use of exponents and manipulating them using exponent laws.To simplify \((3x^2)^3\):
- Each part of the term \(3x^2\) needs to be raised to the power of 3.
- The coefficient 3 becomes \(3^3\) and the variable \(x^2\) becomes \(x^{2 \times 3}\).
- Calculate \(3^3\) as 27 and \(x^{2 \times 3}\) as \(x^6\).
- This gives us \(27x^6\).
Distributive Property
The Distributive Property is a fundamental axiom in mathematics which helps in simplifying expressions and performing multiplication effectively. Using this property involves distributing a multiplier to each term within a parenthesis. In our final step, we utilized The Distributive Property to further simplify the expression \(x(3x^2)^3\).
The solution involved several steps:
The solution involved several steps:
- We already simplified \((3x^2)^3\) to \(27x^6\).
- Applying the distributive property, we distribute \(x\) across the expression.
- This is done by multiplying \(x\) with the entire term \(27x^6\).
- Using the law \(a^m \cdot a^n = a^{m+n}\), we get \(x^{1+6} = x^7\).
- This simplifies the expression to \(27x^7\).