/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 19 Evaluate the following integrals... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91Ó°ÊÓ

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Evaluate the following integrals or state that they diverge. $$\int_{2}^{\infty} \frac{\cos (\pi / x)}{x^{2}} d x$$

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The value of the integral is \(\boxed{\frac{1}{\pi}}\).

Step by step solution

01

Compare functions for convergence

To determine if the integral converges or not, we can use the Comparison Test. The Comparison Test states that if \(0\leq f(x) \leq g(x)\) and the integral \(\int g(x) \,dx\) converges, then the integral \(\int f(x)\, dx\) also converges. Let's choose a simple function \(g(x) = \frac{1}{x^2}\). $$ 0 \leq \frac{\cos(\pi / x)}{x^2} \leq \frac{1}{x^2} $$ Since \(-1 \leq \cos(x) \leq 1\), it follows that \(0 \leq \frac{\cos(\pi / x)}{x^2} \leq \frac{1}{x^2}\), and we can compare the integrals.
02

Determine convergence of the integral of g(x)

To establish the convergence of \(\int_{2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{x^2} dx\), we can use the P-Integral Test. The P-Integral states that if the function is of the form \(g(x) =\frac{1}{x^p}\) with \(p > 0\), the integral converges if \(p > 1\) and diverges when \(0 < p \leq 1\). In our case, \(g(x) = \frac{1}{x^2}\) and \(p=2\). Since \(p > 1\), this integral should converge.
03

Determine convergence of the given integral

Since the integral \(\int_{2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{x^2} dx\) converges (by the P-Integral Test), by the Comparison Test, the integral of our original function, \(\int_{2}^{\infty} \frac{\cos(\pi/x)}{x^2} dx\), will also converge.
04

Evaluate the integral

To evaluate the integral, we can execute integration by substitution. Let \(u = \pi/x\), so then \(du = -\pi/x^2 dx\). Converting the limits of integration from \(x\) to \(u\), we find that when \(x=2\), \(u=\pi/2\), and when \(x\to\infty\), \(u\to 0\). Thus, we can rewrite our integral as $$ \int_{2}^{\infty} \frac{\cos(\pi / x)}{x^2} dx = -\int_{\pi/2}^{0} \frac{\cos(u)}{\pi} du $$ Now, integrating the function with respect to \(u\) and applying the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, we get $$ -\frac{1}{\pi} \int_{\pi/2}^{0} \cos(u) du = -\frac{1}{\pi} [\sin(u)]_{\pi/2}^0 = -\frac{1}{\pi}(\sin(0) - \sin(\pi/2)) = -\frac{1}{\pi}(0-1) = \frac{1}{\pi} $$ Therefore, the value of the definite integral is \(\boxed{\frac{1}{\pi}}\).

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