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Compute the following derivatives. Use logarithmic differentiation where appropriate. $$\frac{d}{d x}\left(x^{10 x}\right)$$

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The derivative of the function $$x^{10x}$$ with respect to $$x$$ is $$\frac{d}{d x}\left(x^{10 x}\right) = 10(\ln{x} + 1) \cdot x^{10x}$$.

Step by step solution

01

Take the natural logarithm of both sides

Taking the natural logarithm of both sides of the equation $$y = x^{10x}$$, making sure to use the power rule of logarithms to bring the exponent down: $$\ln{y} = 10x \ln{x}$$.
02

Differentiate implicitly with respect to $$x$$

Now we will differentiate both sides of the equation with respect to $$x$$: $$\frac{d}{dx} (\ln{y}) = \frac{d}{dx} (10x \ln{x})$$ On the left side, we will use the chain rule, which is $$\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{dy}{du} \cdot \frac{du}{dx}$$, where $$u = \ln{y}$$. On the right side, we will use the product rule, which is $$\frac{d}{dx} (uv) = u \cdot \frac{dv}{dx} + v \cdot \frac{du}{dx}$$, where $$u = 10x$$ and $$v = \ln{x}$$: $$\frac{1}{y} \cdot \frac{dy}{dx} = 10(\ln{x} + 1)$$.
03

Solve for the derivative, $$\frac{dy}{dx}$$

Now, we need to find $$\frac{dy}{dx}$$ by multiplying both sides of the equation by $$y$$: $$\frac{dy}{dx} = 10(\ln{x} + 1) \cdot y$$ Since $$y = x^{10x}$$ from the original equation, we can substitute this into the equation to find the derivative: $$\frac{dy}{dx} = 10(\ln{x} + 1) \cdot x^{10x}$$. So the derivative of $$x^{10x}$$ with respect to $$x$$ is: $$\frac{d}{d x}\left(x^{10 x}\right) = 10(\ln{x} + 1) \cdot x^{10x}$$

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Derivative Computation
When we compute derivatives, we are looking to find the rate at which a function changes with respect to changes in its input. This process is fundamental in calculus, as it helps us understand how functions behave over intervals. In the given problem, we are tasked with finding the derivative of a function that includes a variable raised to another variable's power. Traditional differentiation rules become complex, so techniques like logarithmic differentiation become essential.
This approach involves applying the logarithmic function to simplify the differentiation process, especially when dealing with complex exponents. By transforming a multiplicative relationship into an additive one, we can use rules of logarithms and differentiation to simplify our calculation.
Chain Rule
The chain rule is a critical tool when it comes to differentiating composite functions. A composite function is like a function within another function - think of it as peeling layers of a mathematical onion.
For the function given, \( rac{d}{dx}(\ln{y})\), we need to perceptively identify that \(\ln{y}\) is a function of \(y\), which in turn is a function of \(x\). By differentiating the outer function \(\ln{y}\) with respect to \(y\) first and then multiplying by the derivative of \(y\) with respect to \(x\), we effectively use the chain rule:
  • Outer function: \(\ln{y}\)
  • Inner function: \(y = x^{10x}\)
This systematic approach becomes indispensable when untangling nested functions.
Product Rule
The product rule is employed to find the derivative of two functions that are multiplied together. Consider two functions \(u(x)\) and \(v(x)\); the product rule formula is:\[\frac{d}{dx}(uv) = u \cdot \frac{dv}{dx} + v \cdot \frac{du}{dx}\]
In the original solution, we encounter \(10x \cdot \ln{x}\). Here:
  • \(u = 10x\)
  • \(v = \ln{x}\)
The need to differentiate both \(10x\) and \(\ln{x}\) separately before combining their derivatives demonstrates the product rule in action. This rule lets us manage the increased complexity when functions are entwined multiplicatively, often simplifying calculations significantly.
Implicit Differentiation
Implicit differentiation is used when a function is not directly solved for one variable in terms of another. In some cases, especially when dealing with logarithmic differentiation, this technique proves to be extremely useful.
During the solution process, we used implicit differentiation on the equation \(\ln{y} = 10x \ln{x}\). While differentiating implicitly:
  • We assume \(y\) as an implicit function of \(x\)
  • Differentiate \(\ln{y}\) with respect to \(x\) using the chain rule
This allows us to express the derivative \(\frac{dy}{dx}\) in terms of \(y\) itself. Implicit differentiation opens up a broader toolkit, especially when your functions can't be easily untangled and solved explicitly.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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