Chapter 13: Problem 26
Find the four second partial derivatives of the following functions. $$f(x, y)=2 x^{5} y^{2}+x^{2} y$$
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Chapter 13: Problem 26
Find the four second partial derivatives of the following functions. $$f(x, y)=2 x^{5} y^{2}+x^{2} y$$
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Identify and briefly describe the surfaces defined by the following equations. $$-y^{2}-9 z^{2}+x^{2} / 4=1$$
Given three distinct noncollinear points \(A, B,\) and \(C\) in the plane, find the point \(P\) in the plane such that the sum of the distances \(|A P|+|B P|+|C P|\) is a minimum. Here is how to proceed with three points, assuming that the triangle formed by the three points has no angle greater than \(2 \pi / 3\left(120^{\circ}\right)\). a. Assume the coordinates of the three given points are \(A\left(x_{1}, y_{1}\right)\) \(B\left(x_{2}, y_{2}\right),\) and \(C\left(x_{3}, y_{3}\right) .\) Let \(d_{1}(x, y)\) be the distance between \(A\left(x_{1}, y_{1}\right)\) and a variable point \(P(x, y) .\) Compute the gradient of \(d_{1}\) and show that it is a unit vector pointing along the line between the two points. b. Define \(d_{2}\) and \(d_{3}\) in a similar way and show that \(\nabla d_{2}\) and \(\nabla d_{3}\) are also unit vectors in the direction of the line between the two points. c. The goal is to minimize \(f(x, y)=d_{1}+d_{2}+d_{3}\) Show that the condition \(f_{x}=f_{y}=0\) implies that \(\nabla d_{1}+\nabla d_{2}+\nabla d_{3}=0\). d. Explain why part (c) implies that the optimal point \(P\) has the property that the three line segments \(A P, B P,\) and \(C P\) all intersect symmetrically in angles of \(2 \pi / 3\). e. What is the optimal solution if one of the angles in the triangle is greater than \(2 \pi / 3\) (just draw a picture)? f. Estimate the Steiner point for the three points (0,0),(0,1) and (2,0)
Use the formal definition of a limit to prove that $$\lim _{(x, y) \rightarrow(a, b)}(x+y)=a+b . \text { (Hint: Take } \delta=\varepsilon / 2 \text { ) }$$
Absolute maximum and minimum values Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the following functions over the given regions \(R\). Use Lagrange multipliers to check for extreme points on the boundary. $$f(x, y)=x^{2}-4 y^{2}+x y ; R=\left\\{(x, y): 4 x^{2}+9 y^{2} \leq 36\right\\}$$
Ideal Gas Law Many gases can be modeled by the Ideal Gas Law, \(P V=n R T,\) which relates the temperature \((T,\) measured in Kelvin (K)), pressure ( \(P\), measured in Pascals (Pa)), and volume ( \(V\), measured in \(\mathrm{m}^{3}\) ) of a gas. Assume that the quantity of gas in question is \(n=1\) mole (mol). The gas constant has a value of \(R=8.3 \mathrm{m}^{3} \cdot \mathrm{Pa} / \mathrm{mol} \cdot \mathrm{K}.\) a. Consider \(T\) to be the dependent variable and plot several level curves (called isotherms) of the temperature surface in the region \(0 \leq P \leq 100,000\) and \(0 \leq V \leq 0.5.\) b. Consider \(P\) to be the dependent variable and plot several level curves (called isobars) of the pressure surface in the region \(0 \leq T \leq 900\) and \(0< V \leq 0.5.\) c. Consider \(V\) to be the dependent variable and plot several level curves of the volume surface in the region \(0 \leq T \leq 900\) and \(0 < P \leq 100,000.\)
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