/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 31 Let $$\mathbf{u}(t)=2 t^{3} \mat... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91Ó°ÊÓ

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Let $$\mathbf{u}(t)=2 t^{3} \mathbf{i}+\left(t^{2}-1\right) \mathbf{j}-8 \mathbf{k} \text { and } \mathbf{v}(t)=e^{t} \mathbf{i}+2 e^{-t} \mathbf{j}-e^{2 t} \mathbf{k}$$ Compute the derivative of the following functions. $$\left(t^{12}+3 t\right) \mathbf{u}(t)$$

Short Answer

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Question: Compute the derivative of the function $$(t^{12}+3t)\mathbf{u}(t)$$, given the vector function $$\mathbf{u}(t)=2t^3\mathbf{i}+(t^2-1)\mathbf{j}-8\mathbf{k}$$. Answer: The derivative of the function $$(t^{12}+3t)\mathbf{u}(t)$$ is $$\left(30t^{14} + 18t^3\right)\mathbf{i} + \left(12t^{11}(t^2-1) + 2t^{13} + 6t^2\right)\mathbf{j} - 96t^{11}\mathbf{k}$$.

Step by step solution

01

Find the derivative of $$\mathbf{u}(t)$$

To find the derivative of the given vector function, we will differentiate each component with respect to $$t$$. We have: \begin{aligned} \frac{d\mathbf{u}}{dt} &= \frac{d}{dt}(2t^3\mathbf{i}+(t^2-1)\mathbf{j}-8\mathbf{k}) \\ &= \left(\frac{d}{dt} 2t^3\right)\mathbf{i} + \left(\frac{d}{dt} (t^2-1)\right)\mathbf{j} + \left(\frac{d}{dt}(-8)\right)\mathbf{k} \\ &= (6t^2\mathbf{i} + 2t\mathbf{j}) \\ \end{aligned}
02

Apply chain rule to find the derivative of $$\left(t^{12}+3t\right)\mathbf{u}(t)$$

Now that we have found the derivative of $$\mathbf{u}(t)$$, we can use the chain rule to find the derivative of the function $$\left(t^{12}+3t\right)\mathbf{u}(t)$$: \begin{aligned} \frac{d}{dt}\left((t^{12}+3t)\mathbf{u}(t)\right) &= \frac{d}{dt}(t^{12}+3t) \cdot \mathbf{u}(t) + (t^{12}+3t) \cdot \frac{d\mathbf{u}}{dt} \\ &= \left(12t^{11}+3\right) \left( 2t^3\mathbf{i}+(t^2-1)\mathbf{j}-8\mathbf{k}\right) \\ & \qquad + \left(t^{12}+3t\right) \left(6t^2\mathbf{i} + 2t\mathbf{j}\right) \\ \end{aligned} Now we distribute and simplify the expression. \begin{aligned} &= \left(12t^{11}+3\right) (2t^3\mathbf{i}+(t^2-1)\mathbf{j}-8\mathbf{k}) + (t^{12}+3t)(6t^2\mathbf{i} + 2t\mathbf{j})\\ &= 24t^{14}\mathbf{i} + 12t^{11}(t^2-1)\mathbf{j} - 12t^{11}\cdot8\mathbf{k} + 6t^{14}\mathbf{i} + 18t^3\mathbf{i} + 2t^{13}\mathbf{j} + 6t^2\mathbf{j} \\ &= (24t^{14} + 6t^{14} + 18t^3)\mathbf{i} + (12t^{11}(t^2-1) + 2t^{13} + 6t^2)\mathbf{j} - 96t^{11}\mathbf{k} \end{aligned} The final derivative is: $$\frac{d}{dt}\left((t^{12}+3t)\mathbf{u}(t)\right) = \left(30t^{14} + 18t^3\right)\mathbf{i} + \left(12t^{11}(t^2-1) + 2t^{13} + 6t^2\right)\mathbf{j} - 96t^{11}\mathbf{k}$$

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Derivative of Vector Functions
Vector functions are essential in representing curves and motion in three-dimensional space. They are functions where each component is a function of a single variable, often representing time, like in \(\mathbf{u}(t)=2t^3\mathbf{i}+(t^2-1)\mathbf{j}-8\mathbf{k}\). To find the derivative of a vector function, we differentiate each component with respect to the variable.

This involves simple component-wise differentiation:
  • The derivative of \(2t^3\mathbf{i}\) is \(6t^2\mathbf{i}\).
  • The derivative of \((t^2-1)\mathbf{j}\) is \(2t\mathbf{j}\).
  • The constant term \(-8\mathbf{k}\) becomes 0 because the derivative of a constant is zero.
Thus, the derivative of \(\mathbf{u}(t)\) is \(6t^2\mathbf{i} + 2t\mathbf{j}\). By doing this, we capture the rate of change of the vector components with respect to the variable.
Chain Rule
The chain rule is a valuable tool for finding derivatives of compositions of functions. In this context, it helps to differentiate a product involving a scalar and a vector function: \((t^{12}+3t)\mathbf{u}(t)\). The rule states that if you have a function of a function, you can differentiate them as follows:

For \((t^{12}+3t)\mathbf{u}(t)\):
  • Firstly, take the derivative of the scalar \(t^{12}+3t\) separately: \(12t^{11} + 3\).
  • Secondly, use the derivative of \(\mathbf{u}(t)\) derived previously: \(6t^2\mathbf{i} + 2t\mathbf{j}\).
  • Finally, apply the chain rule to multiply these derivatives with the respective function: \((t^{12}+3t)\cdot(6t^2\mathbf{i} + 2t\mathbf{j})\) plus \( (12t^{11}+3) \cdot \mathbf{u}(t) \).
This allows us to find the complete derivative of the composite vector function by systematically applying and distributing the derivatives.
Polynomial Derivative
The polynomial derivative involves differentiating polynomial expressions like \(t^{12}+3t\). This process requires applying basic differentiation rules to each term in the polynomial independently. For a monomial term \(t^n\), the derivative is \(nt^{n-1}\). Here is how you do it for both terms of our polynomial:

  • The derivative of \(t^{12}\) is \(12t^{11}\).
  • The derivative of \(+3t\) is simply \(+3\).
The result is a new polynomial, \(12t^{11} + 3\), representing the rate of change of the original polynomial function with respect to the variable. Understanding polynomial derivatives is essential as they form the basis for more complex derivative operations, including those seen in calculus and applied mathematics.

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