Chapter 1: Problem 71
Sketch the graphs of the lines and find their point of intersection. $$ 2 x+5 y=16 ; \quad 3 x-7 y=24 $$
Short Answer
Expert verified
The lines intersect at the point (8, 0).
Step by step solution
01
Write Equations in Slope-Intercept Form
The first step is to rewrite the given equations in the form \( y = mx + b \). For the equation \(2x + 5y = 16\):\[5y = -2x + 16 \]\[y = -\frac{2}{5}x + \frac{16}{5} \]For the equation \(3x - 7y = 24\):\[7y = 3x - 24 \]\[y = \frac{3}{7}x - \frac{24}{7} \]
02
Plot the Lines
To plot the lines, we need their intercepts:For \(y = -\frac{2}{5}x + \frac{16}{5}\):- y-intercept is \((0, \frac{16}{5})\)- x-intercept, set \(y = 0\): \[2x = 16 \rightarrow x = 8\]So, x-intercept is \((8, 0)\).For \(y = \frac{3}{7}x - \frac{24}{7}\):- y-intercept is \((0, -\frac{24}{7})\)- x-intercept, set \(y = 0\): \[3x = 24 \rightarrow x = 8\]So, x-intercept is \((8, 0)\).Draw the lines using these intercepts on a graph.
03
Solve for Point of Intersection
To find the point of intersection, set the equations equal to each other:\[-\frac{2}{5}x + \frac{16}{5} = \frac{3}{7}x - \frac{24}{7} \]Multiply throughout by 35 to eliminate fractions:\[-14x + 112 = 15x - 120 \]Combining like terms results in:\[29x = 232 \]\[x = 8\]Now substitute \(x = 8\) back into one of the original equations to find \(y\):\[2(8) + 5y = 16 \rightarrow 16 + 5y = 16 \rightarrow 5y = 0 \rightarrow y = 0\]Therefore, the point of intersection is \((8, 0)\).
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Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
Slope-Intercept Form
The slope-intercept form is a way of expressing linear equations. This form is extremely useful for graphing lines quickly because it directly shows the slope and the y-intercept of a line. The general expression for the slope-intercept form is \(y = mx + b\). Here, \(m\) represents the slope of the line, which indicates the steepness and direction, while \(b\) represents the y-intercept, the point where the line crosses the y-axis.
The conversion of a linear equation into slope-intercept form involves solving for \(y\) in terms of \(x\). Let's look at the example from the exercise:
The conversion of a linear equation into slope-intercept form involves solving for \(y\) in terms of \(x\). Let's look at the example from the exercise:
- For the equation \(2x + 5y = 16\), we want to solve for \(y\): \[y = -\frac{2}{5}x + \frac{16}{5}\]
- For the equation \(3x - 7y = 24\), solving for \(y\) gives: \[y = \frac{3}{7}x - \frac{24}{7}\]
Point of Intersection
The point of intersection between two lines is where they cross each other on a graph. It is an essential concept when solving systems of linear equations since it represents a solution that satisfies both equations simultaneously.
To find this point, you equate the two equations if they are in slope-intercept form. In the provided solution, the equations \(y = -\frac{2}{5}x + \frac{16}{5}\) and \(y = \frac{3}{7}x - \frac{24}{7}\) are set equal. Solving the resulting equation allows you to find the x-coordinate of the intersection point.
Here are the steps performed:
To find this point, you equate the two equations if they are in slope-intercept form. In the provided solution, the equations \(y = -\frac{2}{5}x + \frac{16}{5}\) and \(y = \frac{3}{7}x - \frac{24}{7}\) are set equal. Solving the resulting equation allows you to find the x-coordinate of the intersection point.
Here are the steps performed:
- Set \(-\frac{2}{5}x + \frac{16}{5} = \frac{3}{7}x - \frac{24}{7}\) and multiply through by 35 to clear fractions.
- Solve the resulting equation for \(x\).
- Substitute \(x = 8\) back into one of the original equations to find \(y = 0\).
Graphing Lines
Graphing lines is a visual representation of equations in the Cartesian coordinates. To graph a line, knowing the slope and y-intercept is crucial, especially when lines are in the slope-intercept form.
To start graphing:
To start graphing:
- Identify the y-intercept from the slope-intercept form \(y = mx + b\). The y-intercept is the point \((0, b)\).
- Use the slope \(m\) to determine the rise over the run. For example, a slope of \(-\frac{2}{5}\) means the line falls 2 units for every 5 units it runs to the right.
- Plot the y-intercept first, then use the slope to find another point.
- The line \(y = -\frac{2}{5}x + \frac{16}{5}\) has a y-intercept of \((0, \frac{16}{5})\) and a slope of \(-\frac{2}{5}\).
- The line \(y = \frac{3}{7}x - \frac{24}{7}\) has a y-intercept of \((0, -\frac{24}{7})\) and a slope of \(\frac{3}{7}\).
Linear Equations
Linear equations describe relationships with constant rates of change. They are visually represented as straight lines on a graph. In general, linear equations take the form \(Ax + By = C\). Transforming them into the slope-intercept form makes it easier to solve graphically and analytically.
A linear equation features:
A linear equation features:
- Variables \(x\) and \(y\) raised to the first power only.
- Constant coefficients \(A\), \(B\), and \(C\).
- Operations including addition and multiplication.