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In Exercises 31–52, find the relative maxima, relative minima, and saddle points for the given functions. Determine whether the function has an absolute maximum or absolute minimum as well.g(x,y)=x2+siny−3

Short Answer

Expert verified

Thegivenfunctionhaslocalminimaat0,2n+1Ï€2when,n=oddintegerandtherearesaddlepointsat0,2n+1Ï€2when,n=eveninteger

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Given information 

A function,g(x,y)=x2+siny−3

02

Step 2. Finding the first-order, second-order partial derivatives and determinant of hessian  

Thefirst-orderpartialderivativesofthefunctionare:gx(x,y)=∂g∂x=2xandgy(x,y)=∂g∂y=cosyNow,solvethesystemofequations:2x=0andcosy=0,weget,x=0andy=2n+1π2where,nisanintegerStationarypointsofgare:0,2n+1π2Thesecond-orderpartialderivativesofthefunctionare:gxx(x,y)=∂2g∂x2=2,gyy(x,y)=∂2g∂y2=-sinyandgxy(x,y)=∂2g∂x∂y=0gxx0,2n+1π2=2,gyy0,2n+1π2=±1andgxy0,2n+1π2=0ThedeterminantoftheHessianis:detHgx,y=∂2g∂x2∂2g∂y2-∂2g∂x∂y2detHg0,2n+1π2=2×±1-0=±2

03

Step 3. Testing and finding relative maximum, relative minimum and saddle points 

Ifghasastationarypointat(x0,y0),then(a)ghasarelativemaximumat(x0,y0)ifdet(Hg(x0,y0))>0withgxx(x0,y0)<0orgyy(x0,y0)<0.(b)ghasarelativeminimumat(x0,y0)ifdet(Hg(x0,y0))>0withgxx(x0,y0)>0orgyy(x0,y0)>0.(c)ghasasaddlepointat(x0,y0)ifdet(Hg(x0,y0))<0.(d)Ifdet(Hg(x0,y0))=0,noconclusionmaybedrawnaboutthebehaviorofgat(x0,y0).Inthegivenfunction,detHg0,2n+1Ï€2>0withgyy0,2n+1Ï€2<0forn=oddintegerHence,thegivenfunctionhasminimumat0,2n+1Ï€2withminimumvalue,g0,2n+1Ï€2=2(0)+sin2n+1Ï€2-3=-4Also,detHg0,2n+1Ï€2<0forn=evenintegerHence,thegivenfunctionhassaddlepointsat0,2n+1Ï€2withvalue,g0,2n+1Ï€2=2(0)+sin2n+1Ï€2-3=-2

04

Step 4. Testing and finding absolute maximum and absolute minimum   

Wheny=0,limx→∞f(x,0)=∞andlimy→-∞f(x,0)=∞Therefore,thegivenfunctionhaslocalminimaat0,2n+1π2when,n=oddinteger

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