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Defining logarithms with integrals: In this chapter we defined the natural logarithm function as the accumulation integral

lnx=∫0x 1tdt

(a) Use the graph of y=1xand this definition to describe the graphical features of y=lnx.

(b) Given this definition of lnx,how would we define the natural exponential function ex? Why is this a better definition for exthan the one we introduced in Definition 1.25?

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The area under the curve of y=1xand the x - axis is equal to y=lnx.
  2. The exponential function's definition isex=∫0xetdt

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

Given functiony=1x.

The logarithm function is described as lnx=∫0x1tdt.

02

Part (a) Step 2: Calculation.

The following graph is

The second basic theory of calculus claims that F'(x)=f(x).

dlnxdx=1x

This is applied to the definition of logarithm function as localid="1661254900799">lnx=∫0x1tdtas an integration.

Also, the differentiation ofy=lnxgives the function y=1x.

Also, the integration of lnx=∫0x1tdtgives the function y=lnx.

The graph of y=lnxis only valid in the localid="1661255098361">x>0.

Consequently, the space beneath the curve oflocalid="1661255101566">y=1xand thex-axis is equal to localid="1661255118403">y=lnx.

03

Part (b) Step 1: Given information

The given function isy=1x.

04

Part (b) Step 2: Calculation

The graph is

Using the second fundamental calculus theory,

F'(x)=f(x)

And,

dexdx=ex

Also the differentiation of y=exgives the function dexdx=ex.

Also the integration of ex=∫0xetdtgives the function y=ex.

The graph of y=exis only valid in the y>0.

Consequently, the space beneath the curve of y=ex and the x-axis is equal to y=ex.

This is a good estimate of the area under the curve. Since it also adheres to the second fundamental calculus theory, it is a superior definition. F'(x)=f(x).

As a result, the exponential function's definition islocalid="1661254990037">ex=∫0xetdt.

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