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Suppose f is the function pictured here, and Axis the associated function whose value at any x≥0is equal to the area between the graph of f and the x-axis from 0 to x. The quantity A2.5is shaded in the figure. We will count area below the x-axis negatively, so that in this example A5is less than A4.

Area function Ax is defined by the shaded region as x-varies.

Part (a): On what interval of x-values is Axan increasing function? On what interval is Axdecreasing?

Part (b): On what interval of x-values is the function f positive? On what interval is f negative?

Part (c): Here is a surprising fact: One of these functions is the derivative of the other! Use your answers to parts (a) and (b) to determine whetherA'=forf'=A.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Part (a): Function Axis increasing on x∈0,4and decreasing on role="math" localid="1649830991917" x∈[4,∞).

Part (a): Function offxis positive ondata-custom-editor="chemistry" x∈0,4and negative onx∈[4,∞).

Part (c): It isA'x=fx.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1. Given information.

Consider the given question,

Ax is the function of the area between the graph of f and the x-axis from 0 to x.

The A2.5is shaded in the diagram.

02

Part (a) Step 2. 

The function Axis becoming more greater on the interval x∈0,4.

Since, A0<A1<A2<A3<A4.

Then, the function Axis becoming more less on the interval x∈[4,∞).

Since, A(4)>A(5)>A(6)>A(7)>A(8).

Thus, function Axis increasing on x∈0,4and decreasing on[4,∞).

03

Part (b) Step 1. Find the positive and negative interval of the function.

For all x∈0,4, the function of fxis positive.

Since fx≥0on the interval x∈0,4.

For all x∈[4,∞), the function of fxis negative.

Since fx≤0on the interval x∈[4,∞).

Thus, function of fxis positive onx∈0,4and negative onx∈[4,∞).

04

Part (c) Step 1. Determine whether A'=f  orf'=A.

As the function Ax of the area is defined between the graph of f and the x-axis from 0 to x. Then,

Ax=∫0xfxdx

Working backwards below can be shown,

role="math" localid="1649830893032" dAxdx=fxdAx=fxdxAx=∫0xfxdx

Thus,A'x=fx.

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