Chapter 2: Problem 10
Find each limit by graphing the function and using TRACE or TABLE to examine the graph near the indicated \(x\) -value. $$\lim _{x \rightarrow 1.5} \frac{2 x^{2}-4.5}{x-1.5}$$
Short Answer
Expert verified
The limit is 6.
Step by step solution
01
Understanding the Problem
We need to find the limit \( \lim _{x \rightarrow 1.5} \frac{2 x^{2}-4.5}{x-1.5} \) by graphing the function and examining its behavior near \( x = 1.5 \). This involves identifying what happens to the function as \( x \) approaches 1.5.
02
Graph the Function
Use a graphing calculator or software to graph the function \( y = \frac{2 x^{2}-4.5}{x-1.5} \). Make sure to choose a suitable window that includes \( x = 1.5 \), ideally close to this value for a precise view.
03
Check Function at x = 1.5
Since the function has \( x - 1.5 \) in its denominator, it is undefined at \( x = 1.5 \). The graph will likely show a hole or discontinuity at this point.
04
Examine Graph Near x = 1.5
Use the TRACE or TABLE feature on your graphing tool to inspect the values of the function as \( x \) approaches 1.5 from both the left and the right. Record the y-values you observe.
05
Analyze the Results
Notice the behavior of y-values around \( x = 1.5 \). If they approach a specific number as \( x \) gets closer to 1.5 from either direction, this is the limit of the function.
06
Identify the Limit
With accurate tracing or table values, it should be evident that the y-values near \( x = 1.5 \) converge to a certain number. In this case, analytical calculation confirms this number to be 6, which should be clear from your graphical observation too.
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Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
Graphing Functions
Graphing functions in calculus involves plotting a curve to visually understand and analyze mathematical expressions. By graphically representing functions, you can intuitively see how the function behaves across different values of x. For the function \[y = \frac{2x^{2}-4.5}{x-1.5}\]you will notice that plugging in the graphing calculator helps to reveal insights that might not be immediately obvious from the equation alone.To effectively graph this function, here are a few steps:
- Select a suitable range that covers the area of interest (in this case, around \(x = 1.5\)).
- Observe the curve of the function as well as any special features such as peaks, troughs, or breaks.
- Ensure that the graphing window is narrow around \(x = 1.5\) for finer details.
Discontinuity
When discussing discontinuity within calculus, we're referring to points where a function is not continuous. In simpler terms, it's where the function has breaks, jumps, or holes. For the function \[y = \frac{2x^{2}-4.5}{x-1.5}\]there is a discontinuity at \(x = 1.5\) because the denominator becomes zero. As division by zero is undefined in mathematics, the function cannot have a value at that point.When graphing, this will typically manifest as a hole in the curve at \(x = 1.5\), indicating the function is not defined there. Understanding discontinuities:
- Create awareness of undefined points which can affect domain.
- Identify these points by analyzing the denominator of rational functions.
- Use graphical analysis to find and verify these points quickly.
Behavior of Functions Near a Point
The behavior of a function as it approaches a specific point provides valuable information about limits. In calculus, you're often interested in what a function's value approaches, even if it's not defined at that point.For our focus here, with\[\lim_{x \rightarrow 1.5} \frac{2x^{2}-4.5}{x-1.5}\]we examine the function's behavior closely as \(x\) gets near \(1.5\) from both sides. Using tools like TRACE or TABLE on graphing devices can help observe how the function values (y-values) behave just before and after \(1.5\).Insights from analyzing behavior:
- Observe whether y-values tend to stabilize around a single point as \(x\) nears \(1.5\).
- Identify the limit by noting the y-value it approaches, indicating a consistent result.
- Recognize that, though the function isn't defined at the precise point, the approaching values provide crucial insight about its trend.