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In mathematics, parentheses are used to indicate the operations that should be completed first in an expression. For example, in the problem \( (4-6)+12 \), the subtraction inside the parentheses \(4-6\) is performed first.
Whenever you see parentheses in an equation, always handle the calculations inside them before doing anything else. This is part of the order of operations, often remembered by the acronym PEMDAS which stands for Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication and Division (from left to right), and Addition and Subtraction (from left to right).
By solving the expression in parentheses first, \( 4 - 6 = -2 \), the rest of the equation becomes more straightforward to handle.

Addition is one of the basic arithmetic operations where you combine two numbers to get their total. For example, in the given problem after evaluating the parentheses, you get \( -2 + 12 \).
To add these, you start from -2 and move 12 units to the right on a number line. This gives you 10. So, \( -2 + 12 = 10 \).
Addition is a fundamental concept not just in arithmetic, but in algebra and beyond. Understanding how to handle positive and negative numbers during addition is crucial for solving more complex problems.

Subtraction is another fundamental arithmetic operation where you find the difference between two numbers. In the initial step of our problem, subtraction is used inside the parentheses: \( 4 - 6 \).
Subtracting a larger number from a smaller one results in a negative number. Here, 6 is larger than 4, so the result is -2. Knowing how to deal with negative numbers in subtraction helps you better understand more advanced mathematical concepts.
A simple way to think about subtraction is that it represents the process of taking away or removing. It’s the opposite of addition, which means adding together or combining.