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Perform the indicated operations. \(\left[\begin{array}{lll}6 & 3 & 8 \\ 4 & 5 & 6\end{array}\right]-\left[\begin{array}{lll}3 & -2 & -1 \\ 0 & -5 & -7\end{array}\right]\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The result of the subtraction is: \(\begin{bmatrix} 6 & 3 & 8 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \end{bmatrix} - \begin{bmatrix} 3 & -2 & -1 \\ 0 & -5 & -7 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 3 & 5 & 9 \\ 4 & 10 & 13 \end{bmatrix}\)

Step by step solution

01

Verify the dimensions of the matrices

Make sure that both matrices have the same dimensions. Both of them are 2x3, so we can proceed to the subtraction. Matrix 1: \(\begin{bmatrix} 6 & 3 & 8 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \end{bmatrix}\) Matrix 2: \(\begin{bmatrix} 3 & -2 & -1 \\ 0 & -5 & -7 \end{bmatrix}\)
02

Subtract corresponding entries

Now, subtract the entries of the second matrix from the corresponding entries of the first matrix: \((6-3, 3-(-2), 8-(-1)),\\(4-0, 5-(-5), 6-(-7))\)
03

Simplify the resulting matrix

Simplify the obtained matrix by performing the arithmetic operations: \(\begin{bmatrix} 3 & 5 & 9 \\ 4 & 10 & 13 \end{bmatrix}\) Therefore, the result of the subtraction is: \(\begin{bmatrix} 6 & 3 & 8 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \end{bmatrix} - \begin{bmatrix} 3 & -2 & -1 \\ 0 & -5 & -7 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 3 & 5 & 9 \\ 4 & 10 & 13 \end{bmatrix}\)

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Matrix Operations
Working with matrices involves various operations, such as addition, subtraction, and multiplication. Matrix subtraction is a fundamental process in this realm. Understanding matrix operations is essential for many fields, ranging from computer graphics to data analysis. When performing matrix subtraction, it is crucial to ensure that the matrices involved have the same dimensions, meaning they should have the same number of rows and columns.

Here's a simple breakdown of how matrix subtraction works:
  • **Element-Wise Subtraction**: Each element in one matrix is paired with the corresponding element in the other matrix and the subtraction is performed element by element.
  • **Maintain Dimensions**: The new matrix formed after subtraction will have the same dimensions as the original matrices.
This process results in a new matrix where each position holds the result of subtracting elements from the two matrices that correspond to that position.

Mastering this operation requires practice and it forms the basis for more complex matrix manipulations.
Elementary Algebra
Elementary algebra involves operations and manipulations of mathematical symbols and numbers to solve problems. When dealing with matrix subtraction, algebraic concepts come into play since you operate on numbers according to mathematical rules.

To understand this in the context of matrix subtraction, consider the step where you have to subtract individual matrix elements:
  • The **Subtraction of Signed Numbers**: Keep in mind the rules for subtracting positives and negatives. For instance, subtracting a negative number is equivalent to performing an addition.
  • **Simplification**: After performing the subtraction, simplify by combining terms where applicable. This step ensures the resulting matrix elements are reduced to their simplest form.
These elementary algebra principles simplify operations, helping in obtaining clear and correct results. They underscore the importance of a strong grasp of basic arithmetic and signed number operations.
Applied Mathematics
Applied mathematics takes theory and data to solve real-world problems. Matrix operations, including subtraction, play significant roles in areas like engineering, physics, and even economics.

One practical use of matrix subtraction is in computational tasks. For instance:
  • **Image Processing**: Matrix subtraction can be used to detect changes between images, crucial in areas like security and medical imaging.
  • **Finance**: It helps in analyzing data sets and in financial modeling where large data arrays are manipulated.
Understanding how to perform these operations effectively allows professionals to manipulate datasets, model scenarios, and derive insights that inform decision-making in various practical applications.

A clear grasp of applied mathematics empowers one to translate numerical data into actionable solutions across disciplines.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Let $$\begin{array}{l}A=\left[\begin{array}{rrr}1 & 0 & -2 \\\1 & -3 & 2 \\\\-2 & 1 & 1 \end{array}\right] \quad B=\left[\begin{array}{rrr}3 & 1 & 0 \\\2 & 2 & 0 \\ 1 & -3 & -1\end{array}\right] \\\C=\left[\begin{array}{lll}2 & -1 & 0 \\\1 & -1 & 2 \\\3 & -2 & 1\end{array}\right]\end{array}$$ Verify the validity of the associative law for matrix multiplication.

Kaitlin and her friend Emma returned to the United States from a tour of four cities: Oslo, Stockholm, Copenhagen, and Saint Petersburg. They now wish to exchange the various foreign currencies that they have accumulated for U.S. dollars. Kaitlin has 82 Norwegian krones, 68 Swedish krones, 62 Danish krones, and 1200 Russian rubles. Emma has 64 Norwegian krones, 74 Swedish krones, 44 Danish krones, and 1600 Russian rubles. Suppose the exchange rates are U.S. \(\$ 0.1651\) for one Norwegian krone, U.S. \(\$ 0.1462\) for one Swedish krone, U.S. \(\$ 0.1811\) for one Danish krone, and U.S. \(\$ 0.0387\) for one Russian ruble. a. Write a \(2 \times 4\) matrix \(A\) giving the values of the various foreign currencies held by Kaitlin and Emma. (Note: The answer is not unique.) b. Write a column matrix \(B\) giving the exchange rate for the various currencies. c. If both Kaitlin and Emma exchange all their foreign currencies for U.S. dollars, how many dollars will each have?

(a) write each system of equations as a matrix equation and (b) solve the system of equations by using the inverse of the coefficient matrix. \(x_{1}+x_{2}+x_{3}+x_{4}=b_{1}\) \(x_{1}-x_{2}-x_{3}+x_{4}=b_{2}\) \(x_{2}+2 x_{3}+2 x_{4}=b_{3}\) \(x_{1}+2 x_{2}+x_{3}-2 x_{4}=b_{4}\) where (i) \(b_{1}=1, b_{2}=-1, b_{3}=4, b_{4}=0\) and (ii) \(b_{1}=2, b_{2}=8, b_{3}=4, b_{4}=-1\)

Mortality actuarial tables in the United States were revised in 2001, the fourth time since 1858 . Based on the new life insurance mortality rates, \(1 \%\) of 60 -yr-old men, \(2.6 \%\) of 70 -yr-old men, \(7 \%\) of 80 -yr-old men, \(18.8 \%\) of 90 -yr-old men, and \(36.3 \%\) of 100 -yr-old men would die within a year. The corresponding rates for women are \(0.8 \%, 1.8 \%, 4.4 \%, 12.2 \%\), and \(27.6 \%\), respectively. Express this information using a \(2 \times 5\) matrix.

The total output of loudspeaker systems of the Acrosonic Company at their three production facilities for May and June is given by the matrices \(A\) and \(B\), respectively, where The unit production costs and selling prices for these loudspeakers are given by matrices \(C\) and \(D\), respectively, where Compute the following matrices and explain the meaning of the entries in each matrix. a. \(A C\) b. \(A D\) c. \(B C\) d. \(B D\) e. \((A+B) C\) f. \((A+B) D\) g. \(A(D-C)\) h. \(B(D-C)\) i. \((A+B)(D-C)\)

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