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The average weight of a baby during the first year of life is roughly a quadratic function of time. At month \(m,\) its average weight, in pounds, is approximated by \(^{3}\) $$ w(m)=-0.042 m^{2}+1.75 m+8 $$ (a) What is the practical interpretation of the \(8 ?\) (b) What is the average weight of a one-year-old?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The constant term 8 in the function represents the average initial weight of a newborn baby. The average weight of a one-year-old baby is approximately 22.95 pounds.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a): Interpretation of the constant term 8 in the function.

The constant term 8 in the function represents the average weight of a baby when the month m equals 0, which is the average baby weight at birth. In other words, 8 represents the average initial weight of a newborn baby.
02

Part (b): Finding the average weight of a one-year-old.

To calculate the average weight of a one-year-old, we need to find the value of w(m) when m = 12. The average weight function is given by: $$ w(m) = -0.042 m^2 + 1.75 m + 8 $$ When \(m = 12\), we have: $$ w(12) = -0.042 (12)^2 + 1.75 (12) + 8 $$ Now, let's calculate the result: $$ w(12) = -0.042 (144) + 21 + 8 $$ $$ w(12) = -6.048 + 29 $$ $$ w(12) = 22.952 $$ Thus, the average weight of a one-year-old baby is approximately 22.95 pounds.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Average Weight
The concept of average weight can sometimes be summarized using mathematical formulas. In this case, we use a quadratic function to approximate the average weight of a baby during its first year of life. A quadratic function is a polynomial function where the highest degree term is squared. It is of the form \( ax^2 + bx + c \), which is used here to model weight against age in months.The provided function \( w(m) = -0.042m^2 + 1.75m + 8 \) helps to compute the average weight at different ages:
  • The variable \( m \) represents the age in months.
  • The output \( w(m) \) represents the weight in pounds.
At birth, the function determines an initial average weight of 8 pounds, where \( m = 0 \). As a baby grows, its weight will change monthly in a pattern dictated by the quadratic terms, showing an increase in weight over time. This model allows us to estimate a baby’s weight using simple calculations.
Interpreting Constants
In any quadratic function, such as our weight function, the constants present offer significant practical interpretations. Here, the function \( w(m) = -0.042m^2 + 1.75m + 8 \) includes several constants.- The constant **8**: This represents the average weight of a baby at birth, meaning when the age \( m \) is 0 months.Understanding the role of constants in polynomial functions helps in:
  • Identifying initial states or starting values of modeled systems, such as birth weight.
  • Predicting how systems might change over time based on the constants’ derived trends.
By comprehending and interpreting these constants, we gain deeper insights into real-world data represented mathematically through polynomial expressions.
Polynomial Functions
Polynomial functions encompass quadratic functions and serve as significant mathematical tools for modeling diverse real-world phenomena. They consist of variables raised to whole number exponents, and coefficients that determine the function's behavior.For quadratic functions like \( w(m) = -0.042m^2 + 1.75m + 8 \), the model particularly helps us understand changes in non-linear relationships:
  • The squared term \(-0.042m^2\) provides curvature, making the function quadratic, representing non-linear growth or decline, as seen in the wavy pattern of baby weight gain.
  • The linear term \(1.75m\) adds a consistent increase in weight as the baby grows month by month.
Polynomial functions help simplify complex systems into understandable trends and patterns. They offer a toolbox through which complex phenomena such as baby weight changes due to growth can be realistically and practically understood.

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