Chapter 4: Problem 9
$$ \text { Use the remainder theorem to find } f(c) \text {. } $$ $$ f(x)=3 x^{3}-x^{2}+5 x-4 ; \quad c=2 $$
Short Answer
Expert verified
The value of \( f(2) \) is 26.
Step by step solution
01
Substitute c into f(x)
We are given the function \( f(x) = 3x^3 - x^2 + 5x - 4 \) and the value \( c = 2 \). Using the remainder theorem, we can substitute \( c \) into \( f(x) \) to find \( f(c) \). Let's replace \( x \) with \( 2 \) in the equation.\[f(2) = 3(2)^3 - (2)^2 + 5(2) - 4\]
02
Calculate each term
Now, calculate each term separately:1. \( 3(2)^3 = 3 imes 8 = 24 \)2. \( -(2)^2 = -4 \)3. \( 5(2) = 10 \)4. \( -4 \) remains \( -4 \)
03
Sum the calculated terms
Add up the terms calculated in Step 2:\[f(2) = 24 - 4 + 10 - 4\]First, perform the operation from left to right:1. \( 24 - 4 = 20 \)2. \( 20 + 10 = 30 \)3. \( 30 - 4 = 26 \)
04
Final Result
Thus, by using the remainder theorem and substituting \( c \) into \( f(x) \), we find that \( f(2) = 26 \).
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Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
Polynomial Evaluation
A polynomial is a mathematical expression consisting of variables and coefficients, stitched together using operations like addition, subtraction, and multiplication. Evaluating a polynomial involves finding its value for a particular substitution of the variable. In this context, the polynomial function given is \( f(x) = 3x^3 - x^2 + 5x - 4 \). Evaluating this polynomial at a particular value, such as \( x = 2 \), involves substituting 2 in place of \( x \) and simplifying the expression to determine the result.In polynomial evaluation, you systematically replace all instances of the variable \( x \) with the number you're evaluating at, ensuring you adhere strictly to the order of operations. Remember to:
- First, handle the powers of \( x \) by replacing with the number.
- Second, perform any multiplication.
- Finally, execute all additions and subtractions to reach the simplification.
Substitution in Algebra
Substitution is a fundamental process in algebra that allows you to solve equations and evaluate expressions by replacing variables with their corresponding values. In the context of evaluating the polynomial \( f(x) = 3x^3 - x^2 + 5x - 4 \) at \( x = 2 \), substitution directly helps you plug \( x = 2 \) into the polynomial.This process makes transforming algebraic expressions into numerical values simple and easy. Here’s how you do it:
- Take each instance where the variable \( x \) appears in the polynomial.
- Substitute \( x \) with the specified number—in our example, \( 2 \).
- Calculate each portion of the polynomial to simplify it step by step.
Finding Function Value
Finding the value of a function at a particular point is a practical application of substitution in a polynomial. For instance, to find \( f(2) \) for the function \( f(x) = 3x^3 - x^2 + 5x - 4 \), you substitute \( x = 2 \) into the polynomial and simplify.Here's the step-by-step approach:
- Replace \( x \) with 2 in each term of the polynomial.
- Compute the numerical value of each modified term.
For example: \(3(2)^3 = 24\), \(-(2)^2 = -4\), \(5(2) = 10\), and \(-4\). - Add or subtract each calculated term in sequence to find the result.