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$$f(x)=\sin x, g(x)=\cos x, h(x)=\tan x, F(x)=\csc x, G(x)=\sec x, \text{ and } H(x)=\cot x$$ (a) Find \(g\left(120^{\circ}\right) .\) What point is on the graph of \(g ?\) (b) Find \(F\left(120^{\circ}\right) .\) What point is on the graph of \(F ?\) (c) Find \(H\left(120^{\circ}\right)\). What point is on the graph of \(H ?\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
g(120∘) = 120∘

Step by step solution

01

Convert angle to radians

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Sine Function
The sine function, represented as \(\text{sin}(x)\), is fundamental in trigonometry. It relates the angle of a right triangle to the ratio of the length of the opposite side over the hypotenuse.
  • For example, if \(\theta\) is an angle in a right triangle, then \(\text{sin}(\theta) = \frac{opposite}{hypotenuse}\).
  • The function is periodic with a period of \( 2\text{Ï€} \), meaning it repeats every \( 360^{\text{o}} \) or \( 2\text{Ï€} \text{ radians}\).
  • The range of the sine function is \([-1, 1]\).
The sine of \(0^{\text{o}}\) is 0, \(90^{\text{o}}\) is 1, \(180^{\text{o}}\) is 0, and \(270^{\text{o}}\) is -1.
Cosine Function
The cosine function, or \(\text{cos}(x)\), complements the sine function. It represents the ratio of the length of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse.
  • Hence, \(\text{cos}(\theta) = \frac{adjacent}{hypotenuse}\).
  • Like the sine, it is periodic with a period of \(2\text{Ï€}\).
  • The range is also \([-1, 1]\).
The cosine of \(0^{\text{o}}\) is 1, \(90^{\text{o}}\) is 0, \(180^{\text{o}}\) is -1, and \(270^{\text{o}}\) is 0.
Tangent Function
The tangent function, written as \(\text{tan}(x)\), combines both sine and cosine. It is the ratio of \(\text{sin}(x)\) to \(\text{cos}(x)\).
  • Mathematically, \( \text{tan}(\theta) = \frac{\text{sin}(\theta)}{\text{cos}(\theta)} \).
  • The function is periodic with a period of \(\text{Ï€}\).
  • Its range is \( (-\text{∞}, \text{∞})\).
Basic values include \(\text{tan}(0^{\text{o}}) = 0\), \(\text{tan}(45^{\text{o}}) = 1\), and \(\text{tan}(90^{\text{o}})\) is undefined due to division by zero.
Cosecant Function
The cosecant function, denoted as \(\text{csc}(x)\), is the reciprocal of the sine function. This means, \(\text{csc}(x) = \frac{1}{\text{sin}(x)}\).
  • It is undefined wherever \(\text{sin}(x)=0\).
  • The function's period is \(2\text{Ï€}\).
  • Its range is \((-\text{∞}, -1] \cup [1, \text{∞})\).
As an example, \(\text{csc}(30^{\text{o}}) = 2\) because \(\text{sin}(30^{\text{o}})= \frac{1}{2}\).
Secant Function
Similar to the cosecant function, the secant function \(\text{sec}(x)\) is the reciprocal of the cosine function. Thus, \(\text{sec}(x) = \frac{1}{\text{cos}(x)}\).
  • It is undefined wherever \(\text{cos}(x)=0\).
  • The secant function has a period of \(2\text{Ï€}\).
  • Its range is \((-\text{∞}, -1] \cup [1, \text{∞})\).
For instance, \(\text{sec}(60^{\text{o}}) = 2\) because \(\text{cos}(60^{\text{o}}) = \frac{1}{2}\).
Cotangent Function
The cotangent function \(\text{cot}(x)\) is the reciprocal of the tangent function: \( \text{cot}(x) = \frac{1}{\text{tan}(x)} \).
  • It is much like dividing \(\text{cos}(x)\) by \(\text{sin}(x)\).
  • The function is undefined wherever \(\text{tan}(x) = 0\).
  • Its period is \(\text{Ï€}\), similar to the tangent function.
  • The range can take any real value \(( -\text{∞}, \text{∞} )\).
For instance, \(\text{cot}(45^{\text{o}}) = 1\) as \(\text{tan}(45^{\text{o}}) = 1\).
Degree to Radian Conversion
To convert between degrees and radians, the following relations are used:
  • \(1^{\text{o}} = \frac{\text{Ï€}}{180} \text{ radians}\).
  • Conversely, \(1 \text{ radian} = \frac{180}{\text{Ï€}}^{\text{o}}\).
For the exercise:
The conversion of \(120^{\text{o}}\) to radians is
  • \(120^{\text{°}} \times \frac{\text{Ï€}}{180^{\text{°}}} = \frac{120\text{Ï€}}{180} = \frac{2\text{Ï€}}{3} \text{ radians}\).
Understanding these conversions is essential for working with trigonometric functions.

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