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What is the probability that at least one of a pair of fair dice lands on 6, given that the sum of the dice is i,i=2,3,...,12?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Conditional Probabilities of

P(E|F=2)=0

P(E|F=3)=0

P(E|F=4)=0
P(E|F=5)=0

P(E|F=6)=0

P(E|F=7)=26

P(E|F=8)=25

P(E|F=9)=24

P(E|F=10)=23

P(E|F=11)=1

P(E|F=12)=1

Step by step solution

01

Step 1:Given Information

From the data see that the two dice are tossed then the example space of the events is as per the following

consider Sis the event that addresses the example space.

S=(1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(1,5),(1,6),(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(2,4),(2,5),(2,6),(3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(3,4),(3,5),(3,6),(4,1),(4,2),(4,3),(4,4),(4,5),(4,6),(5,1),(5,2),(5,3),(5,4),(5,5),(5,6),(6,1),(6,2),(6,3),(6,4),(6,5),(6,6)

02

Step 2:Table Representation

The sum of numbers of two dice are,

SumPossible outcomesProbability
2
(1,1)
1/36
3
(1,2),(2,1)2/36
4
(1,3),(2,2),(3,1)3/36
5
(1,4),(2,3),(3,2),(4,1)4/36
6
(1,5),(2,4),(3,3),(4,2),(5,1)5/36
7
(1,6),(2,5),(3,4),(4,3),(5,2),(6,1)6/36
8
(2,6),(3,5),(4,4),(5,3),(6,2)5/36
9
(3,6),(4,5),(5,4),(6,3)4/36
10
(4,6),(5,5),(6,4)3/36
11(5,6),(6,5)2/36
12
(6,6)1/36
Total361
03

Step 3:Explanation

Consider Eis the event that addresses something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on 6

Consider Fis the event that addresses the amount of the number on the two dice.

The amount of the dice might be any of the numbers beginning from 2to 12

In any case, to get somewhere around one of the two numbers like 6the total beginnings from7, not from 2.

That is the probability of getting something like one of the two numbers as 6given that the aggregates are2,3,4,5,and 6 are zeros.

Subsequently,

P(E∣F=2)=0
P(E∣F=3)=0

P(E∣F=4)=0

P(E∣F=5)=0

P(E∣F=6)=0

04

Step 4:Conditional Probability of (E/F=7)

Work out the probability that something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on 6given that the sum on the two dice is 7.

The ideal number of something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on six and the sum of two numbers on the dice is 7as per the following:

E∩F={(1,6),(6,1)}

In this manner, the probability of something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on six, and the sum of two numbers on the dice is 7 is,

P(E∩F=7)=236

The complete number of cases that the sum of the two numbers on the dice is 7 is as per the following:

F={(1,6),(2,5),(3,4),(4,3),(5,2),(6,1)}

In this way, the probability that the sum of the two numbers on the dice is7is,

P(F=7)=636

Hence, the conditional probability is,

P(E∣F=7)=P(E∩F=7)P(F=7)

localid="1647597381785" =236636

localid="1647597414744" =26

05

Step 5:Conditional Probability of (E|F=8)

Work out the probability that something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on 6given that the sum on the two dice is 8.

The ideal number of something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on six and the sum of two numbers on the dice is 8is as per the following:

E∩F={(2,6),(6,2)}

In this manner, the probability of something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on six, and the sum of two numbers on the dice is 8is,

P(E∩F=8)=236

The complete number of cases that the sum of the two numbers on the dice is 8 is as per the following:

F={(2,6),(3,5),(4,4),(5,3),(6,2)}

In this way, the probability that the sum of the two numbers on the dice 8 is,

P(F=8)=536

Hence, the conditional probability is,

P(E∣F=8)=P(E∩F=8)P(F=8)

=236536

localid="1647602472318" =25

06

Step 6:Conditional Probability of (E/F=9)

Work out the probability that something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on given that the sum on the two dice is.

The ideal number of something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on six and the sum of two numbers on the dice is 9as per the following:

E∩F={(3,6),(6,3)}

In this manner, the probability of something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on six, and the sum of two numbers on the dice is9,

P(E∩F=9)=236

The complete number of cases that the sum of the two numbers on the dice is 9is as per the following:

F={(3,6),(4,5),(5,4),(6,3)}

In this way, the probability that the sum of the two numbers on the dice is 9is,

P(F=9)=436

Hence, the conditional probability is,

P(E∣F=9)=P(E∩F=9)P(F=9)

=236436

=24

07

Step 7:Conditional Probability of (E/F=10)

Work out the probability that something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on given that the sum on the two dice is.

The ideal number of something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on six and the sum of two numbers on the dice is 10s as per the following:

E∩F={(4,6),(6,4)}

In this manner, the probability of something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on six, and the sum of two numbers on the dice is10,

P(E∩F=10)=236

The complete number of cases that the sum of the two numbers on the dice is 10is as per the following:

F=(4,6),(5,),(6,4)

In this way, the probability that the sum of the two numbers on the dice is 10is,

Hence, the conditional probability is,

P(E∣F=10)=P(E∩F=10)P(F=10)

=236336

=23

08

Step 8:Conditional probability of (E/F=11)

Work out the probability that something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on 6given that the sum on the two dice is 11.

The ideal number of something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on six and the sum of two numbers on the dice is 11is as per the following:

E∩F=(5,6),(6,5)

In this manner, the probability of something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on six, and the sum of two numbers on the dice is 11is,

P(E∩F=11)=236

The complete number of cases that the sum of the two numbers on the dice is11is as per the following:

F=(5,6),(6,5)

In this way, the probability that the sum of the two numbers on the dice is 11 is,

P(F=11)=236

Hence, the conditional probability is,

P(E/F=11)=P(E∩F=11)P(F=11)

=236236

=1

09

Step 9:Conditional Probability of (E/F=12)

Work out the probability that something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on 6given that the sum on the two dice is12.

The ideal number of something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on six and the sum of two numbers on the dice is 12 is as per the following:

E∩F={(6,6)}

In this manner, the probability of something like one of the pair of fair dice lands on six, and the sum of two numbers on the dice is 12 is,

P(E∩F=12)=136

The complete number of cases that the sum of the two numbers on the dice is 12 is as per the following:

F={(6,6)}

In this way, the probability that the sum of the two numbers on the dice is 12is,

P(F=11)=136

Hence, the conditional probability is,

P(E∣F=12)=P(E∩F=12)P(F=12)

=136136

=1

10

Step 10:Final Answer

The conditional probability of (E|F=2),(E|F=3),(E|F=4),(E|F=5)and(E|F=6)are Zero.

The conditional probability of P(E|F=7)is 26

The conditional probability of P(E|F=8)is25

The conditional probability of P(E|F=9)is 24

The conditional probability of P(E|F=10)is 2323

The conditional probability of P(E|F=11)is 1width="10">1

The conditional probability of P(E|F=12)is 1

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