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Chapter 2: Problem 10

How does the origin of a metamorphic rock differ from the origin of an igneous rock?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The origin of a metamorphic rock differs from the origin of an igneous rock in that metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of pre-existing rocks under high pressure and/or high temperature conditions, while igneous rocks form from the cooling and solidification of molten material (magma or lava). Metamorphism involves changes in mineral composition and/or texture, whereas igneous rock formation is related to the formation and movement of molten material within the Earth.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphic rocks are formed from the alteration of pre-existing rocks (either igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks) under high pressure and/or high temperature conditions. This process, called metamorphism, does not involve the melting of the original rock but instead causes changes in the mineral composition and/or texture of the rock due to the new environment.
02

Understanding Igneous Rocks

Igneous rocks, on the other hand, are created from the cooling and solidification of molten material called magma (if it's below Earth's surface) or lava (if it's on Earth's surface). Magma or lava is formed when the Earth's mantle partially melts, and subsequent processes cause this molten material to rise and form the crust. There are two primary types of igneous rocks: intrusive (formed when magma cools and solidifies below the Earth's surface) and extrusive (formed when lava cools and solidifies on the Earth's surface).
03

Comparing the Origins

The origins of metamorphic rocks and igneous rocks are different in terms of the processes and conditions involved. While metamorphic rocks form due to the alteration of existing rocks under high pressure and/or high temperature conditions, igneous rocks are created from the cooling and solidification of molten material (magma or lava). The origin of metamorphic rocks is tied to the changing environment that alters the precursor rock, whereas the origin of igneous rocks is related to the formation and movement of molten material within the Earth.

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