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Chapter 2: Problem 23

The author's statement might be weakened by pointing out that A. eight hours of sleep is a cultural, not a physical, requirement. B. the most capable people rarely sleep. C. rest is a positive contribution to knowledge and capability. D. young children enjoy themselves less than knowledgeable adults. E. people rarely waste time during their waking hours.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The statement that weakens the author's argument is: 'rest is a positive contribution to knowledge and capability.'

Step by step solution

01

Analyze each statement

Understanding what each statement says and implies is the first step. Each statement needs to be inspected and compared with the author's point of view.
02

Identify contradictory statement

Looking for a statement that contradicts or breaks the reasoning of the author's argument. This statement should offer a new perspective or possibility that has not been considered in the author's argument or proves it false.
03

Select the weakening statement

The final step is to disclose the statement that weakens the author's argument. Amongst the options, if the author's argument is that sleeping less leads to more capability and knowledge, statement A and B can be dismissed as irrelevant, D does not offer a contradiction, and E is too generic. Hence, statement C: 'rest is a positive contribution to knowledge and capability' is the one that weakens the author's argument as it contradicts the idea that less sleep leads to more capability and knowledge.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Understanding Critical Reasoning
Critical reasoning is about evaluating arguments to determine their validity and the strength of their supporting evidence. It's essential for LSAT practice questions because it challenges your ability to think clearly and logically.
When engaging in critical reasoning:
  • Identify the main conclusion and supporting premises.
  • Analyze how premises support the conclusion.
  • Consider alternative explanations or counterexamples.
  • Look for logical connections and any fallacies in reasoning.
By practicing these strategies, you can better tackle tricky questions and enhance your logical thinking skills.
Techniques of Argument Analysis
Argument analysis involves breaking down arguments into their fundamental parts to assess their validity. This is crucial for solving LSAT practice questions efficiently.
An effective way to analyze an argument is to:
  • Determine the author鈥檚 main claim or conclusion.
  • Identify each premise supporting the main conclusion.
  • Evaluate whether the premises truly support or just appear to support the conclusion.
  • Notice any implicit assumptions the argument relies on.
This systematic breakdown helps in understanding how strong or weak the author's position is and makes it easier to find contradictory statements.
Exploring Logical Reasoning
Logical reasoning tests your ability to understand arguments and identify flaws, assumptions, and conclusions within them. This skill is vital for LSAT preparation.
When practicing logical reasoning, focus on:
  • Recognizing the argument's structure and content.
  • Spotting logical fallacies, such as hasty generalizations or false cause.
  • Examining if any assumptions weaken the argument.
  • Understanding the relationship between ideas.
These practices can help you strengthen your reasoning skills and improve your ability to pick the statement that most effectively undermines an argument.
Evaluating the Author's Argument
To evaluate an author's argument, it is essential to understand what the author is claiming and how well they support those claims. For LSAT questions, this evaluation involves several steps.
First, define the author's central thesis or claim.
Next, identify any supporting evidence or reasoning.
  • Ask yourself if the evidence is relevant and convincing.
  • See if the author relies on assumptions that could be challenged.
  • Determine if there are gaps in the reasoning that could be exploited by a contradictory statement.
Being able to critically assess an author's argument allows you to pinpoint weaknesses effectively, crucial for weakening questions on the LSAT.
Recognizing Contradictory Statements
A contradictory statement directly opposes the main idea in an argument and helps to illustrate its weaknesses. For the LSAT, identifying such statements is key.
To recognize a contradictory statement:
  • Carefully compare the statement against the main argument.
  • See if the statement brings in new, conflicting evidence or reasoning.
  • Consider whether the statement introduces an alternative interpretation that counters the claim.
  • Evaluate if the contradiction affects the overall strength of the argument.
In the practice problem, the statement that 'rest is a positive contribution to knowledge and capability' serves to directly contradict the author's claim that sleeping less enhances these qualities.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which of the following most logically completes the passage at the blank below? The English language, lacking the rigidity of most European tongues, has been bent and shaped in at least as many ways as there are countries or regions where it is spoken. Though purists often argue that "standard" English is spoken only in certain highminded enclaves of the American northeast, the fact is that it is the most widely used language in the world and is not likely to yield that distinction for a very long time, if ever. Nevertheless, A. it remains one of the most widely spoken languages throughout the world B. it can be understood in just about every corner of the globe C. even making allowances for regional peculiarities, English as it is spoken has been much abused in recent times D. though we may be proud of these facts, English remains one of the most difficult languages to master E. English, as it is spoken, lacks the rigidity of the classical and more historic European languages

Of all the petty little pieces of bureaucratic arrogance, it's hard to imagine one smaller than that of the city schools in not admitting a British subject whose father is working-as a legal alien-for a nearby petrochemical company. Someone apparently decided that if the boy had been an illegal alien, a recent U.S. Supreme Court decision in a Texas case would have required the district to admit him, but since he is legal, there is no such requirement. That is nonsense. Which of the following best expresses the point of the author's argument? A. The city schools outside Texas should not base decisions on a precedent set in Texas. B. The stability of a parent's job should have no bearing on the educational opportunity offered his or her child. C. Bureaucratic arrogance has resulted in unsound legal interpretation. D. Legal sense and nonsense are sometimes indistinguishable. E. Both legal and illegal aliens should receive equal treatment.

Assume that firms develop an orangeflavored breakfast drink high in vitamin \(\mathrm{C}\) that is a good substitute for orange juice but sells for less. Based upon assertions in the passage, which of the following would occur with respect to the demand for orange juice? A. Health food stores would resurrect the law of diminishing marginal utility. B. Assuming that the price of fresh orange juice remained constant, more orange juice would be consumed. C. The law of demand would prevail. D. Assuming that the price of fresh orange juice remained constant, the demand would not change. E. There is not enough information in the passage to answer this question.

A researcher has concluded that women are just as capable in math as men are, but that their skills are not developed because society expects them to develop other and more diverse abilities. Which of the following is a basic assumption of the researcher? A. Ability in math is more important than ability in more diverse subjects. B. Ability in math is less important than ability in more diverse subjects. C. Women and men should be equally capable in math. D. Women might be more capable than men in math. E. Women tend to conform to social expectations.

Congressperson: Serving a few months as a Capitol page can be an exciting and enriching experience for high school students from around the country. Student: If the circumstances are right. The student's response suggests which of the following? A. Belligerence B. Acquiescence C. Skepticism D. Disbelief E. Ignorance
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