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Understanding grammar rules is essential for mastering GMAT sentence correction problems. Let's break down the critical grammar rules involved in this exercise. The phrase 'three-quarters as big as the last one' is a comparative expression describing the size of the cake. Notice that it doesn't require the article 'a' before 'three-quarters.' Incorrect use of articles can make a sentence awkward and grammatically incorrect. Additionally, knowing the correct forms of quantifiers, such as 'an extra one and a half eggs,' is vital. The phrase 'one and a half' requires the word 'and' to be grammatically correct. Incorrect usage, like 'one and half,' can disrupt the clarity and correctness of the sentence. The critical takeaways are: avoid unnecessary articles and use complete forms of quantifiers.

Comparative phrases are used to compare two or more things, focusing on their differences or similarities. In our example, 'three-quarters as big as the last one' compares the size of two cakes. It's crucial to get the comparison correct for the sentence to make sense. Here, the phrase 'three-quarters as big' correctly expresses that the current cake is 75% the size of the previous one. Using 'of' or an article like 'a' before 'three-quarters' (e.g., 'three-quarters of as big' or 'a three-quarters as big') is incorrect and makes the sentence grammatically flawed. Make sure your comparisons are clear and precise. This way, you maintain both clarity and correctness.

Quantitative accuracy is about expressing numerical values correctly within a sentence. Let's focus on the phrase 'an extra one and a half eggs.' Using 'one and a half' instead of 'one and half' is essential to maintain grammatical standards and clarity. The word 'and' bridges the two numbers (one and a half), making it clear that 1.5 eggs are used rather than suggesting separate or distinct quantities. Maintaining quantitative accuracy ensures that the meaning of the sentence is precise, thus avoiding ambiguity. Always be mindful of accurate numerical expressions to communicate quantifiable information clearly and correctly.