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Why does the MP curve necessarily have an upward slope?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The MP curve slopes upward thanks to positive relationship of rate and real rate of interest. Positive relationship means increase in rate ends up in increase in real rate or contrariwise.

Step by step solution

01

Concept introduction 

MP curve shows the connection between the rate and real rate of interest. the 000 rate of interest takes rate into consideration and increase with increase in rate or contrariwise.

02

Explanation of solution 

MP curve equation is :

r=r+

Where,

-ris Real interest rate.

-risAutonomous component.

-is Responsiveness of the real interest rate to the inflation rate.

-is Inflation rate.

Inflation is that the overall increase generally indicator of an economy. Inflation causes increase within the price of products and services which decreases the purchasing power of an economics agent.

This relationship must be positive because otherwise an increase in inflation would result into a fall in real interest rates, which might result into a rise in output, an extra increase in inflation, and an extra fall in real interest rates which might cause even higher inflation.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A measure of real interest rates can be approximated by the Treasury Inflation-Indexed Security, or TIIS. Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database, and find data on the five-year TIIS (FII5) and the personal consumption expenditure price index

(PCECTPI), a measure of the price index. Choose 鈥淨uarterly鈥 for the frequency setting for the TIIS, and choose 鈥淧ercent Change From Year Ago鈥 for the unitssetting on (PCECTPI). Plot both series on the samegraph, using data from 2007 through the most currentdata available. Use the graph to identify periods of autonomous monetary policy changes. Briefly explain your reasoning.

A measure of real interest rates can be approximated by the Treasury Inflation-Indexed Security, or TIIS. Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database, and find data on the five-year TIIS (FII5) and the personal consumption expenditure price index (PCECTPI), a measure of the price index. Choose 鈥淨uarterly鈥 for the frequency setting of the TIIS, and download both data series. Convert the price index data to annualized inflation rates by taking the quarter-to-quarter percent change in the price index and multiplying it by 4. Be sure to multiply by 100 so that your results are percentages.

a. Calculate the average inflation rate and the average real interest rate over the most recent four quarters of data available and the four quarters prior to that.

b. Calculate the change in the average inflation rate between the most recent annual period and the year prior. Then calculate the change in the average real interest rate over the same period.

c. Using your answers to part (b), compute the ratio of the change in the average real interest rate to the change in the average inflation rate. What does this ratio represent? Comment on how it relates to the Taylor principle.

Consider the economy described in Applied Problem 23.

a. Derive expressions for the MP curve and the AD curve.

b. Assume that =2. What are the real interest rate and the equilibrium level of output?

c. Suppose government spending increases to $4 trillion. What happens to equilibrium output?

d. If the Fed wants to keep output constant, then what monetary policy change should it make?

Assume that the monetary policy curve is given byr=1.5+0.75.

a. Calculate the real interest rate when the inflation rate is2%,3%,and4%.

b. Draw a graph of the MP curve, labeling the points from part (a).

c. Assume now that the monetary policy curve is given by r=2.5+0.75.Does the new monetary policy curve represent an autonomous tightening or loosening of monetary policy?

d. Calculate the real interest rate when the inflation rate is2%,3%,and4%, and draw the new MP curve, showing the shift from part (b).

Assume that the monetary policy curve is given by

r = 1.5 + 0.75p.

a. Calculate the real interest rate when the inflation rate

is 2%, 3%, and 4%.

b. Draw a graph of the MP curve, labeling the points

from part (a).

c. Assume now that the monetary policy curve is given

by r = 2.5 + 0.75p. Does the new monetary policy

curve represent an autonomous tightening or loosening

of monetary policy?

d. Calculate the real interest rate when the inflation rate

is 2%, 3%, and 4%, and draw the new MP curve,

showing the shift from part (b).

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