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Use an IS curve and an MP curve to derive graphically the AD curve.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The aggregate demand would show a negative relationship between price and output.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Introduction

An aggregate demand curve shows the total goods and services produced in an economy. It is comprised of investment, consumption expenditure, government spending, and net exports. The aggregate demand curve is generally a downward sloping line.

02

Step 2. Explanation

An investment-saving curve shows the different points at which the goods market is at equilibrium. The money preference curve shows the different points at which the money market is in equilibrium.

Suppose the nominal money supply is assumed to be constant. The price level rises which would further cause a decline in the supply of real money balances. As a result, the monetary policy curve or the LM curve would move to the left.

This leftward shift in the LM curve would cause the interest rate to increase. The increase in the price level would also cause a decline in the output level. The aggregate demand curve formed in this way would show an inverse relationship between price and output level. The different points on this AD curve would indicate the different combinations where both the goods market and the money market are in equilibrium.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A measure of real interest rates can be approximatedby the Treasury Inflation-Indexed Security, or TIIS.Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database,and find data on the five-year TIIS (FII5) and the personal consumption expenditure price index

(PCECTPI), a measure of the price index. Choose鈥淨uarterly鈥 for the frequency setting of the TIIS,and download both data series. Convert the priceindex data to annualized inflation rates by taking thequarter-to-quarter percent change in the price indexand multiplying it by 4. Be sure to multiply by 100so that your results are percentages.

a. Calculate the average inflation rate andthe average real interest rate over the most

recent four quarters of data available and the four quarters prior to that.

b. Calculate the change in the average inflation rate between the most recent annual

period and the year prior. Then calculate the change in the average real interest rate

over the same period.

c. Using your answers to part (b), compute the ratio of the change in the average real interest

rate to the change in the average inflation rate. What does this ratio represent? Comment on

how it relates to the Taylor principle

Go to https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/ files/FOMC_LongerRunGoals.pdf. Review the FOMC鈥檚 document, 鈥淟onger-Run Goals and Monetary Policy Strategy.鈥 Explain why these goals are consistent with the Taylor principle.

A measure of real interest rates can be approximated by the Treasury Inflation-Indexed Security, or TIIS. Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database, and find data on the five-year TIIS (FII5) and the personal consumption expenditure price index

(PCECTPI), a measure of the price index. Choose 鈥淨uarterly鈥 for the frequency setting for the TIIS, and choose 鈥淧ercent Change From Year Ago鈥 for the unitssetting on (PCECTPI). Plot both series on the samegraph, using data from 2007through the most currentdata available. Use the graph to identify periods of autonomous monetary policy changes. Briefly explain your reasoning.

Go to https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/ files/FOMC_LongerRunGoals.pdf. Review the FOMC鈥檚 document, 鈥淟onger-Run Goals and Monetary Policy Strategy.鈥 Explain why these goals are consistent with the Taylor principle.

Suppose the monetary policy curve is given by r=1.5+0.75, and the IS curve is given by Y=13-r.

a. Calculate an expression for the aggregate demand curve.

b. Calculate the real interest rate and aggregate output when the inflation rate is 2%, 3%, and 4%.

c. Draw graphs of the IS, MP, and AD curves, labeling the points from part (b) on the appropriate graphs.

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