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Chapter 24: Q. 20 (page 655)

What will happen if policymakers erroneously believe that the natural rate of unemployment is 7% when it is actually 5% and therefore pursue stabilization policy?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The economy will experience deflation and a severe slump, causing inflation to spiral lower.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Introduction

The framework established by the central bank in order to accomplish economic growth and stabilise the country's economy is known as monetary policy.

02

Step 2. Explanation

When a stabilisation policy is adopted and the unemployment rate begins to decline, falling below 7%, policymakers choose a contractionary economic policy to avoid demand-pull inflation in the economy. As a result of policymakers' actions, the economy will contract, now in the midst of a recession. As a result, the economy will experience deflation and a severe slump, causing inflation to spiral lower.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Suppose that welfare gains derived from eliminating output (and unemployment) fluctuations in the economy can be measured. Assuming these gains are relatively small for the average individual, how do you think this measurement would affect the activist/ nonactivist debate?

For each of the following shocks, describe how monetary policymakers would respond (if at all) to stabilize economic activity. Assume the economy starts at a longrun equilibrium.

a. Consumers reduce autonomous consumption.

b. Financial frictions decrease.

c. Government spending increases.

d. Taxes increase.

e. The domestic currency appreciates.

In 2003, as the U.S. economy finally seemed poised to exit its ongoing recession, the Fed began to worry about a 鈥渟oft patch鈥� in the economy, in particular the possibility of a deflation. As a result, the Fed proactively lowered the federal funds rate from 1.75% in late 2002 to 1% by mid-2003, the lowest federal funds rate on record up to that point in time. In addition, the Fed committed to keeping the federal funds rate at this level for a considerable period of time. This policy was considered highly expansionary and was seen by some as potentially inflationary and unnecessary.

  1. How might fears of a zero lower bound justify such a policy, even if the economy was not actually in a recession?
  2. Show the impact of these policies on the MP curve and the AD/AS graph. Be sure to show the initial conditions in 2003 and the impact of the policy on the deflation threat.

Many developing countries suffer from endemic corruption. How does this help explain why these countries鈥� economies typically have high inflation and economic stagnation? Use a graph of aggregate demand and supply to demonstrate.

Suppose that f is determined by two factors: financial panic and asset purchases.

  1. Using an MP curve and an AS/AD graph, show how a sufficiently large financial panic can pull the economy below the zero lower bound and into a destabilizing deflationary spiral.
  2. Using an MP curve and an AS/AD graph, show how a sufficient amount of asset purchases can reverse the effects of the financial panic depicted in part (a).
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