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An individual consumes two goods, clothing and food. Given the information below, illustrate both the income-consumption curve and the Engel curve for clothing and food.

PRICE

CLOTHING

PRICE

FOOD

QUANTITY

CLOTHING

QUANTITY

FOOD

INCOME
\(10
\)2
620\(100
\)10
\(2
835\)150
\(10
\)2
1145\(200
\)10
\(2
1550\)250

Short Answer

Expert verified

The income consumption curve for clothing and food is given below:

The Engel curves for food and clothing are given below:

Step by step solution

01

Income consumption curve and Engel curve

The Income consumption curve depicts various consumption bundles that a consumer chooses at various levels of income. The Engel curve shows how the consumption of the consumer varies with changes in his income.

02

Explanation of the graphs

The graph below shows units of clothing on the y-axis and units of food on the x-axis.

As given in the table, the different units of clothing are 0, 6,8,11, and 15 and of food are 20, 35, 45, and 50 at different levels of income. The income consumption curve is drawn corresponding to these units of clothing and food, depicting how a consumer allocates his income between the two.

The Engel graph below shows income along the y-axis and the unit of clothing and food on the x-axis, respectively.

At the different levels of income, the consumer consumes different units of goods. For example, at $100 income, the consumer demands six units of clothing and 20 units of food. Corresponding to different levels of income, the consumption units of food and clothing increase, depicting an upward sloping Engel curve.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Vera has decided to upgrade the operating system on her new PC. She hears that the new Linux operating system is technologically superior to Windows and substantially lower in price. However, when she asks her friends, it turns out they all use PCs with Windows. They agree that Linux is more appealing but add that they see relatively few copies of Linux on sale at local stores. Vera chooses Windows. Can you explain her decision?

By observing an individual’s behavior in the situations outlined below, determine the relevant income elasticities of demand for each good (i.e., whether it is normal or inferior). If you cannot determine the income elasticity, what additional information do you need?

a. Bill spends all his income on books and coffee. He finds \(20 while rummaging through a used paperback in at the bookstore. He immediately buys a new hardcover book of poetry.

b. Bill loses \)10 he was going to use to buy a double espresso. He decides to sell his new book at a discount to a friend and use the money to buy coffee.

c. Being bohemian becomes the latest teen fad. As a result, coffee and book prices rise by 25 percent. Bill lowers his consumption of both goods by the same percentage.

d. Bill drops out of art school and gets an M.B.A. instead. He stops reading books and drinking coffee. Now he reads the Wall Street Journal and drinks bottled mineral water.

The ACME Corporation determines that at current prices, the demand for its computer chips has a price elasticity of -2 in the short run, while the price elasticity for its disk drives is -1.

a. If the corporation decides to raise the price of both products by 10 percent, what will happen to its sales? To its sales revenue?

b. Can you tell from the available information which product will generate the most revenue? If yes, why? If not, what additional information do you need?

Suppose the income elasticity of demand for food is0.5 and the price elasticity of demand is -1.0. Suppose also that Felicia spends \(10,000 a year on food, the

price of food is \)2, and her income is \(25,000.

a. If a sales tax on food caused the price of food to increase to \)2.50, what would happen to her consumption of food? (Hint: Because a large price change is involved, you should assume that the price elasticity measures an arc elasticity, rather than a point elasticity.)

b. Suppose that Felicia gets a tax rebate of $2500 to ease the effect of the sales tax. What would her consumption of food be now?

c. Is she better or worse off when given a rebate equal to the sales tax payments? Draw a graph and explain.

Two individuals, Sam and Barb, derive utility from the hours of leisure (L) they consume and from the amount of goods (G) they consume. In order to maximize utility, they need to allocate the 24 hours in the day between leisure hours and work hours. Assume that

all hours not spent working are leisure hours. The price of a good is equal to $1 and the price of leisure is equal to the hourly wage. We observe the following information about the choices that the two individuals make:

Graphically illustrate Sam’s leisure demand curve andBarb’s leisure demand curve. Place price on the vertical axis and leisure on the horizontal axis. Given that they both maximize utility, how can you explain the difference in their leisure demand curves?

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