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An individual consumes two goods, clothing and food. Given the information below, illustrate both the income-consumption curve and the Engel curve for clothing and food.

PRICE

CLOTHING

PRICE

FOOD

QUANTITY

CLOTHING

QUANTITY

FOOD

INCOME
\(10
\)2
620\(100
\)10
\(2
835\)150
\(10
\)2
1145\(200
\)10
\(2
1550\)250

Short Answer

Expert verified

The income consumption curve for clothing and food is given below:

The Engel curves for food and clothing are given below:

Step by step solution

01

Income consumption curve and Engel curve

The Income consumption curve depicts various consumption bundles that a consumer chooses at various levels of income. The Engel curve shows how the consumption of the consumer varies with changes in his income.

02

Explanation of the graphs

The graph below shows units of clothing on the y-axis and units of food on the x-axis.

As given in the table, the different units of clothing are 0, 6,8,11, and 15 and of food are 20, 35, 45, and 50 at different levels of income. The income consumption curve is drawn corresponding to these units of clothing and food, depicting how a consumer allocates his income between the two.

The Engel graph below shows income along the y-axis and the unit of clothing and food on the x-axis, respectively.

At the different levels of income, the consumer consumes different units of goods. For example, at $100 income, the consumer demands six units of clothing and 20 units of food. Corresponding to different levels of income, the consumption units of food and clothing increase, depicting an upward sloping Engel curve.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

You run a small business and would like to predict what will happen to the quantity demanded for your product if you raise your price. While you do not know the exact demand curve for your product, you do know that in the first year you charged \(45 and sold 1200 units and that in the second year you charged \)30 and sold 1800 units.

a. If you plan to raise your price by 10 percent, what would be a reasonable estimate of what will happen to quantity demanded in percentage terms?

b. If you raise your price by 10 percent, will revenue increase or decrease?

Two individuals, Sam and Barb, derive utility from the hours of leisure (L) they consume and from the amount of goods (G) they consume. In order to maximize utility, they need to allocate the 24 hours in the day between leisure hours and work hours. Assume that

all hours not spent working are leisure hours. The price of a good is equal to $1 and the price of leisure is equal to the hourly wage. We observe the following information about the choices that the two individuals make:

Graphically illustrate Sam’s leisure demand curve andBarb’s leisure demand curve. Place price on the vertical axis and leisure on the horizontal axis. Given that they both maximize utility, how can you explain the difference in their leisure demand curves?

A consumer lives on a diet of solely steak and potatoes. Her budget is \(30 for every 10 days, and she must buy enough potatoes to eat at least two potatoes per day.

a. A potato costs \)0.50 and the price of a steak is \(10.How much will the consumer purchase of each good?

b. Now suppose that the price of potato increases to \)1. How much will the consumer purchase of each good?

c. Now suppose that the price of potato increases to $1.25. How much will the consumer purchase of each good?

d. What kind of good is the potato?

e. Would you expect the demand curve for potatoes to continue to follow this trend indefinitely? Why or why not?

Suppose that you are the consultant to an agricultural cooperative that is deciding whether members should cut their production of cotton in half next year. The cooperative wants your advice as to whether this action will increase members’ revenues. Knowing that cotton (C) and soybeans (S) both compete for agricultural land in the South, you estimate the demand for cotton to be C = 3.5 - 1.0PC + 0.25PS + 0.50I, where PC is the price of cotton, PS the price of soybeans, and income. Should you support or oppose the plan? Is there any additional information that would help you to provide a definitive answer?

Each week, Bill, Mary, and Jane select the quantity of two goods,x1 andx2, that they will consume in order to maximize their respective utilities. They each spend their entire weekly income on these two goods.

a. Suppose you are given the following information about the choices that Bill makes over a three-week period:


X1X2P1P2I
Week 1
10202140
Week 2
7193140
Week 3
8313155

Did Bill’s utility increase or decrease between week1 and week 2? Between week 1 and week 3? Explain using a graph to support your answer.

b. Now consider the following information about the choices that Mary makes:


X1X2P1P2I
Week 1
10202140
Week 2
6143240
Week 3
20103260

Did Mary’s utility increase or decrease between week 1 and week 3? Does Mary consider both goods to be normal goods? Explain.

c. Finally, examine the following information about Janie's choices:


X1X2P1P2I
Week 1
12242148
Week 2
16321148
Week 3
12241136

Draw a budget line-indifference curve graph that illustrates Jane’s three chosen bundles. What can you say about Jane’s preferences in this case? Identify the income and substitution effects that result from a change in the price of good x1.

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