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Chapter 18: Q. 1- For Critical Thinking (page 410)

Why does the fact that population growth has ambiguous effects on real GDP growth complicate the Chinese government's efforts to accomplish its growth objective?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Most of China's rapid economic growth is attributed to large-scale capital investment (supported by significant domestic savings and foreign investment) and rapid productivity growth, according to economists.

Step by step solution

01

Introduction.

According to the theory of economic growth, educated human capital can help a country's growth fortunes turn around. A country with a shrinking population appears to be slowing down.

This is not the case, since evidence from the country of SK shows that the amount of income spent on education by the population is a true factor of progress.

02

Chinese Government's efforts to accomplish its growth objective.

Economists believe For the most part, China's rapid economic growth has been fueled by large-scale capital investment (backed by large domestic savings and foreign investment) and rapid productivity growth. Both of these aspects appear to have functioned together.

03

Overall Productivity of nation.

In this sense, if country RU permits individuals from any other country, especially one that is productive, its own economic growth will increase. These individuals will boost the country's total output.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Identify which of the following situations currently faced by the World Bank or the International Monetary Fund are examples of adverse selection and which are examples of moral hazard.

a. The World Bank has extended loans to the government of a developing country to finance construction of a canal with a certain future flow of earnings. Now, however, the government has decided to redirect those funds to build a casino that may or may not generate sufficient profits to allow the government to repay the loan.

b. The IMF is considering extending loans to several nations that failed to fully repay loans they received from the IMF during the past decade but now claim to be better credit risks. Now the IMF is not sure in advance which of these nations are unlikely to fully repay new loans.

c. The IMF recently extended a loan to a government directed by democratically elected officials that would permit the nation to adjust to an abrupt reduction in private flows of funds from abroad. A coup has just occurred, however, in response to newly discovered corruption within the government's elected leadership. The new military dictator has announced tentative plans to disburse some of the funds in equal shares to all citizens.

Assume that each 1billion in net capital investment generates 0.3percentage point of the average percentage rate of growth of per capita real GDP, given the nation's labor resources. Firms have been investing exactly 6billion in capital goods each year, so the annual average rate of growth of per capita real GDP has been 1.8percent. Now a government that fails to consistently adhere to the rule of law has come to power, and firms must pay 100million in bribes to gain official approval for every 1 billion in investment in capital goods. In response, companies cut back their total investment spending to 4 billion per year. If other things are equal and companies maintain this rate of investment, what will be the nation's new average annual rate of growth of per capita real GDP?

What does this tell us about a comparison of the average rate of growth of real GDP since 2000 in emerging and developing nations compared with advanced nations?

Consider the estimates that the World Bank has assembled for the following nations:

Rank the nations in order, starting with the one you would expect to have the highest rate of economic growth, other things being equal. Explain your reasoning.

Identify the key functions of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.

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