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There are primarily two types of programming languages depending on their level of abstraction from the hardware: low-level and high-level languages. Low-level languages are closer to the machine language, which directly communicates with the computer's hardware. It requires a deep understanding of the inner workings of the CPU, memory management, and other low-level components. High-level languages, on the other hand, are further from machine language and closer to human-readable code. They provide a high level of abstraction from the hardware, which means programmers do not need a comprehensive understanding of the CPU's operations to write powerful and complex programs.

Given the criteria - creating powerful and complex programs without knowing how the CPU works - we should focus on high-level programming languages. High-level languages allow for greater abstraction from the underlying hardware, letting developers create powerful applications without the need for a deep understanding of CPU functions. Examples of high-level programming languages include Python, Java, C++, Ruby, and JavaScript. In conclusion, the type of programming language that allows you to create powerful and complex programs without knowing how the CPU works is high-level programming languages. They provide a high level of abstraction from the hardware, simplifying the coding process and allowing programmers to focus on writing effective and efficient code for their applications.