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In computer programming, an if statement is a conditional statement that makes a decision based on the value of a given expression. If the expression evaluates to a certain value (usually a true or false value), then a block of code following the if statement gets executed. Otherwise, an alternative block of code or no code at all might be executed.

If statements treat expressions with nonzero values as "True". This means that if the expression evaluated within an if statement has a nonzero value, the if statement will execute the code within it, as the condition is considered to be true. On the other hand, if the evaluated expression has a value of zero, the if statement will not execute the code within it, since the expression evaluates to false. For example, in a programming language like Python, you could have an if statement like: ``` if x: print("The value of x is nonzero") else: print("The value of x is zero") ``` In this example, the if statement checks the value of x, and if it's nonzero, the program will output "The value of x is nonzero". If the value of x is zero, the program will output "The value of x is zero".