/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 5 Find the first six terms of the ... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91Ó°ÊÓ

91Ó°ÊÓ

Find the first six terms of the sequence with the elements defined as \(F(0)=1, F(1)=\) 3, \(F(2)=5,\) and \(F(n)=3 F(n-1)+2 F(n-2)-3 F(n-3)\) for \(n \geq 3 .\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The first six terms are 1, 3, 5, 18, 55, 186, and 614.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Initial Terms

We start by identifying the initial terms of the sequence. Given are: \( F(0) = 1 \), \( F(1) = 3 \),\( F(2) = 5 \). These will help in calculating further terms based on the recursive formula provided.
02

Recursive Formula Application

Apply the recursive formula \( F(n) = 3F(n-1) + 2F(n-2) - 3F(n-3) \) to find the subsequent terms starting from \( n = 3 \).
03

Calculate \( F(3) \)

Substitute \( F(0), F(1) \) and \( F(2) \) into the formula:\[ F(3) = 3 \cdot F(2) + 2 \cdot F(1) - 3 \cdot F(0) \]\[ = 3 \cdot 5 + 2 \cdot 3 - 3 \cdot 1 \]\[ = 15 + 6 - 3 = 18 \]
04

Calculate \( F(4) \)

Use \( F(1), F(2) \) and \( F(3) \) to find \( F(4) \):\[ F(4) = 3 \cdot F(3) + 2 \cdot F(2) - 3 \cdot F(1) \]\[ = 3 \cdot 18 + 2 \cdot 5 - 3 \cdot 3 \]\[ = 54 + 10 - 9 = 55 \]
05

Calculate \( F(5) \)

Calculate \( F(5) \) using \( F(2), F(3) \) and \( F(4) \):\[ F(5) = 3 \cdot F(4) + 2 \cdot F(3) - 3 \cdot F(2) \]\[ = 3 \cdot 55 + 2 \cdot 18 - 3 \cdot 5 \]\[ = 165 + 36 - 15 = 186 \]
06

Calculate \( F(6) \)

Finally, calculate \( F(6) \) using \( F(3), F(4) \) and \( F(5) \):\[ F(6) = 3 \cdot F(5) + 2 \cdot F(4) - 3 \cdot F(3) \]\[ = 3 \cdot 186 + 2 \cdot 55 - 3 \cdot 18 \]\[ = 558 + 110 - 54 = 614 \]
07

Conclusion

The first six terms of the sequence are: \( F(0) = 1, F(1) = 3, F(2) = 5, F(3) = 18, F(4) = 55, F(5) = 186, F(6) = 614 \).

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91Ó°ÊÓ!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Sequence Calculation
Calculating the terms in a sequence, especially when it's defined recursively, involves understanding how each term is built upon the previous ones. The objective is to find the first few terms using a given starting point (initial conditions) and a specific rule or formula (recursive formula).

In the given exercise, the sequence starts with three initial terms: \( F(0) = 1 \), \( F(1) = 3 \), and \( F(2) = 5 \). These are important as they anchor the sequence, serving as the basis for calculating subsequent terms. Each new term from \( n = 3 \) onwards is calculated using the formula \( F(n) = 3F(n-1) + 2F(n-2) - 3F(n-3) \).

Understanding this process means recognizing how each term becomes a building block for the next. Sequentially plugging the values into the recursive formula allows us to uncover each term step by step.
Recursive Formula
A recursive formula, like the one given in the exercise, provides a way to calculate any term in a sequence based on a number of preceding terms. It's a bit like a recipe where you need prior steps to advance to the next.

The exercise uses the recursive formula \( F(n) = 3F(n-1) + 2F(n-2) - 3F(n-3) \). This means each term depends on the three terms that came before it.
  • 3F(n-1) uses the term directly before the target term, multiplied by 3.
  • 2F(n-2) involves the term two places back, multiplied by 2.
  • -3F(n-3) takes the term three positions back, multiplied by -3, which reduces the influence of older terms.
By recursively applying this formula with the initial terms, you can compute each subsequent term in the sequence.
Initial Conditions
Initial conditions in a sequence are the starting values that allow the recursive process to begin effectively. Without these, we cannot calculate further terms using a recursive formula.

In our example, the initial conditions are given as \( F(0) = 1 \), \( F(1) = 3 \), and \( F(2) = 5 \). These terms initialize the sequence and provide the essential data points needed for the recursive formula to generate additional terms.
  • They set the scene: ensure our sequence can start and proceed correctly.
  • They are crucial for correct computation: any error in these values will propagate throughout the sequence.
Understanding the importance of initial conditions helps in appreciating how sequences develop and why every term relies on both the formula and these starting terms to build the sequence correctly. They are, in essence, the foundation of the calculation process.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

(a) Show that the set of all finite sequences of elements of the one-element set \\{0\\} is countably infinite. (b) Show that the set of all finite sequences of elements of the two-element set (0,1] is countably infinite. (c) Challenge: Show that the set of all finite sequences of natural numbers is countably infinite. (Hint: Use a diagonal argument.)

A chain-letter scheme is a famous (and usually illegal) get-rich-quick scheme. A person \(X\) receives a letter with, say, five names on it. \(X\) sends 10 to the person whose name is at the top of the list. \(X\) then deletes that name from the top of the list, adds his or her own name to the bottom of the list, and sends the letter to five "friends," all within one day. In around two weeks, \(X\) is supposed to receive 31,250. Suppose every person who receives the letter follows the instructions (including sending 10 to the person listed first!). Show that if there are only finitely many people, the scheme cannot work (in some sense of "cannot work" that you should make precise). Show that if there are countably infinitely many people, the scheme can work.

There are 35.000 students at State University, Each student takes four different courses each term. State University offers 999 courses each term. The largest classroom on campus holds 135 students. Is this a problem? If so, what is the problem?

Find both a function defined by a formula and a recursively defined function for the following sequences: (a) \(1,3,5,7,9,11,13, \ldots\) (b) \(1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7, \ldots\) (c) \(0,2,4,6,8, \ldots\) (d) \(1,2,4,8,16, \ldots\)

Prove that the sets \(\mathcal{X}=\\{2 n+1: n \in \mathbb{Z}\\}, \mathcal{Y}=\\{10 j: j \in \mathbb{Z}\\},\) and \(\mathcal{Z}=\\{3 n: n \in \mathbb{Z} \mid\) have the same cardinality.

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Computer Science Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.