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Chapter 8: Problem 120

Match the following: Column I Column II A. Bcll mctal (p) \(\mathrm{Cu}: 60-80 \%, 7 \mathrm{n}: 20-40 \%\) 13\. Gun metal (q) \(C u: 75 \quad 90 \%, \mathrm{Sn}: 1025 \%\) C. Bronzc (r) \(\mathrm{Cu}: 88 \%, \mathrm{Sn}: 10 \%, 7 \mathrm{n}: 2 \%\) D. Brass (s) \(\mathrm{Cu}: 80 \%, \mathrm{Sn}: 20 \%\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
A-s, B-r, C-p, D-q.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Bell Metal

Bell metal is an alloy that typically consists of a high percentage of copper and a smaller percentage of tin. Bell metal generally has a composition of approximately 75-80% copper and 20-25% tin. From the given options, the correct match for bell metal would be the one with copper around 80% and tin around 20%, which corresponds to option (s).
02

Understanding Gun Metal

Gun metal is another type of bronze, which has a different proportion of copper, tin, and sometimes zinc. Standard gun metal often has a slightly different composition but within the alloy types given here, the corresponding match seems to lean towards a composition with 88% copper, 10% tin, and an additional 2% zinc, making option (r) the best match.
03

Understanding Bronze

Bronze is a broad category of copper alloys, primarily with tin. The average bronze composition given here suggests a major concentration of copper (60-80%) along with a lighter proportion of tin (20-40%). Hence, option (p), which describes copper around 60-80% and tin 20-40%, appears to be a best fit for bronze.
04

Understanding Brass

Brass is typically an alloy made from copper and zinc. However, if we look at the given compositions, the remaining option must align with brass. The only left option is (q), which denotes 75-90% copper and 10-25% tin, though not a classical brass; this fits due to available options.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Bell Metal
Bell metal is a fascinating alloy primarily noted for its robust acoustical properties. It is a type of bronze that is predominantly used for casting bells and related musical instruments. The composition of bell metal is usually about 75-80% copper and 20-25% tin. This specific mix gives it a hardness that is ideal for sound production.

Here are some important characteristics of bell metal:
  • High durability: The metal can withstand repeated strikes, which is why it鈥檚 perfect for bells.
  • Distinct sound: The metal produces a clear, resonant sound that carries well.
  • Historic usage: Bell metal has been used for centuries, dating back to ancient cultures.
  • Color: The metal retains a warm, golden hue due to the high copper content.
Gun Metal
Gun metal is another form of bronze that is specially formulated for strength and endurance. This alloy consists mostly of copper, tin, and sometimes zinc, with a typical composition being 88% copper, 10% tin, and 2% zinc. Historically, it was used for making cannons, hence the name "gun metal."

Distinctive features of gun metal include:
  • Corrosion resistance: It can withstand harsh conditions, which is why it was used in weapons.
  • Machinability: Gun metal is easily cast and machined, making it versatile for various applications.
  • Aesthetic appearance: The alloy has a shiny, appealing look, often used in sculptures and statues.
  • Versatility: Beyond weaponry, it finds use in gears, bearings, and valves due to its reliable performance.
Bronze
Bronze is a widely used copper alloy, known for its historical significance and practicality. It primarily consists of copper and tin, with bronze typically having a copper content ranging from 60-80% and tin from 20-40%. This combination makes it an excellent material for a variety of applications.

Why bronze is remarkable:
  • Durability: The addition of tin to copper increases its hardness and strength.
  • Resistance to corrosion: Bronze does not rust, making it ideal for marine environments.
  • Wide usage: Utilized in tools, coins, and sculptures since ancient times.
  • Patina formation: Over time, bronze develops a greenish patina, valued for both protective and aesthetic qualities.
Brass
Brass is a highly versatile alloy made primarily from copper and zinc. Although not perfectly matched in the original exercise's choices, it鈥檚 important to note that typical brass contains about 60-70% copper and 30-40% zinc. Known for its distinctive, bright gold-like appearance, brass is an essential material in many industries.

Notable characteristics of brass are:
  • Antimicrobial properties: It can inhibit the growth of microorganisms, used in medical and public settings.
  • Acoustic quality: Brass instruments are famous in the music world for their distinctive tones.
  • Workability: Brass is malleable, making it easy to cast and fabricate.
  • Tarnish resistance: While it can tarnish, it does not rust, thus maintaining its appearance longer.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which of the following are incorrectly matched? (a) Nickcl silver \(>\mathrm{Cu}, \mathrm{Ni}, 7 \mathrm{n}\) (b) Brass \(>\mathrm{Cu}_{\%} \mathrm{Sn}\) (c) Fool's fold \(\longrightarrow \mathrm{CuS}_{2}\) (d) Phosphor bronze \(\longrightarrow \mathrm{Cu}, \mathrm{Sn}, \mathrm{P}\)

Calvanized iron pipes are made by hot dipping' (a) Iron in molren magncsium (b) Iron in molrcn zinc (c) 'Linc in moltert iron (d) Iron in molten nickel

The molten metal, obtsirted after the treatment of copper pyrites in the blast furnace, has the composition of (a) \(\mathrm{CuS}+\mathrm{Fc}_{2} \mathrm{~S}_{3}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Cu}_{2} \mathrm{~S}+\mathrm{F} \mathrm{c}_{2} \mathrm{~S}_{3}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Cu}_{2} \mathrm{~S}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Cu}_{2} \mathrm{~S}+\mathrm{FcS}\)

The oxide of a meral (R) can be reduccd by rhe. meral ( \(\mathrm{P}\) ) while meral \((\mathrm{R})\) can rcduce the oxicle of mctal \((\mathrm{Q}) .\) I Icre the dccrcasing ordcr of rhe reacriviry of meral \((\mathrm{P}),(\mathrm{Q})\) and \((\mathrm{R})\) wirh oxygen is (a) \(\mathbf{P}>\mathrm{R}>\mathrm{Q}\) (b) \(Q>P>R\) (c) \(\mathrm{P}>\mathrm{Q}>\mathrm{R}\) (d) \(\mathrm{R}>\mathrm{P}>\mathrm{Q}\)

The chemical processes in the production of iron from hatematite ore involve (a) oxidarion (b) rckluction (c) oxidarion followed by reducrion (d) reduction followed by oxidation
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