Chapter 8: Q19P (page 184)
Write the charge balance for a solution of in water if theionizes to and
Short Answer
Thus the charge balance equation for a solution of in water if the ionizes to and is
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Chapter 8: Q19P (page 184)
Write the charge balance for a solution of in water if theionizes to and
Thus the charge balance equation for a solution of in water if the ionizes to and is
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Write two mass balances for a 1.0Lsolution containing 0.100molof sodium acetate.
Sodium acetate hydrolysis treated by Solver with activity coefficients.
(a) Following the NH3 example in Section 8-5, write the equilibria and charge and mass balances needed to find the composition of 0.01 M sodium acetate (Na+A-). Include activity coefficients where appropriate. The two reactions are hydrolysis (pKb = 9.244) and ionization of H2O.
(b) Including activity coefficients, set up a spreadsheet analogous to Figure 8-12 to find the concentrations of all species. Assign an initial value of ionic strength = 0.01. After the rest of the spreadsheet is set up, change the ionic strength from the numerical value 0.01 to the correct formula for ionic strength. This two-step process of beginning with a numerical value and then going to a formula is necessary because of circular references between ionic strength and concentrations that depend on ionic strength. There are four unknowns and two equilibria, so use Solver to find 4 - 2 = 2 concentrations (pC values). Solver does not find both pC values at the same time well in this problem. Execute one pass to find both pC values by varying pA and pOH to minimize . Then vary only pA to minimize . Then vary only pOH to minimize . Continue alternating to solve for one value at a time as long as continues to decrease. Find [A-], [OH-], [HA], and [H+]. Find the ionic strength, pH =-log([H+] ) and the fraction of hydrolysis = [HA]/F.
The equilibrium constant for dissolution of a non ionic compound, such as diethyl ether , in water can be written
At low ionic strength, role="math" localid="1654837696819" for neutral compounds. At high ionic strength, most neutral molecules can be salted out of aqueous solution. That is, when a high concentration typically of a salt such as is added to aqueous solution, neutral molecules usually becomes less soluble. Does the activity coefficient, increases or decreases at high ionic strength?
Which statements are true In the ionic strength range
activity coefficients decrease with
a) increasing ionic strength
b) increasing ionic charge
c) decreasing hydrated radius
24. Consider the dissolution of the compound,which gives and. Use the mass balance to find an
expression forin terms of the other concentrations. Simplify
your answer as much as possible.
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