/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 207 The enthalpy change involved in ... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 4: Problem 207

The enthalpy change involved in the oxidation of glucose is \(-2880 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}\). Twenty five percent of this energy is available for muscular work. If 100 \(\mathrm{kJ}\) of muscular work is needed to walk one kilometer, what is the maximum distance that a person will be able to walk eating \(120 \mathrm{~g}\) of glucose? a. \(7.9 \mathrm{~km}\) b. \(9.7 \mathrm{~km}\) c. \(4.8 \mathrm{~km}\) d. \(8.4 \mathrm{~km}\) [IIT 1997]

Short Answer

Expert verified
The maximum distance is 4.8 km.

Step by step solution

01

Determine Energy Available from Glucose

First, calculate the total energy derived from the oxidation of glucose using its molecular composition. Given that the enthalpy change for the oxidation is \(-2880\, \text{kJ mol}^{-1}\). The energy available for work is 25% of this: \(0.25 \times -2880 \,\text{kJ mol}^{-1} = -720 \,\text{kJ mol}^{-1}\). Since the negative sign indicates energy release, the available energy per mole of glucose is 720 kJ.
02

Calculate Moles of Glucose Consumed

To find how much energy 120 g of glucose provides, we must convert grams to moles. The molar mass of glucose (C鈧咹鈧佲倐O鈧�) is approximately 180 g/mol. Thus, the moles of glucose are \(\frac{120 \, \text{g}}{180 \, \text{g/mol}} = 0.67 \, \text{mol}\).
03

Calculate Available Energy from 120g of Glucose

The total energy available from the consumed glucose is the energy per mole multiplied by the moles of glucose. Hence, \(0.67 \, \text{mol} \times 720 \, \text{kJ/mol} = 482.4 \, \text{kJ}\) of energy is available for muscular work.
04

Calculate Maximum Distance

To find the maximum distance walked with the available energy, divide the available energy by the energy required per kilometer. Given that 100 kJ is needed per km, the distance is \(\frac{482.4 \, \text{kJ}}{100 \, \text{kJ/km}} = 4.824 \, \text{km}\).
05

Conclusion: Determine Closest Option

Among the options, 4.8 km is the closest distance to 4.824 km. Therefore, the maximum distance is approximately 4.8 km.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Enthalpy Change
Enthalpy change (\( \Delta H \)) is a measure of the total energy exchange within a system during a chemical reaction. It helps us understand whether a reaction absorbs or releases heat. In the context of glucose oxidation, the enthalpy change is negative (-2880 kJ/mol), indicating that the reaction releases energy.
This release of energy is crucial for processes in living organisms, as it is harnessed to perform work, such as muscular activity.
In this exercise, we focus on the portion of energy made available from glucose oxidation, considering only 25% of the total energy for muscular work, which comes out to 720 kJ/mol.
Oxidation of Glucose
The oxidation of glucose is a vital biochemical process. It involves the breakdown of glucose, a simple sugar molecule, resulting in the release of energy. Represented by the equation:
\[C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{Energy}\]
This process occurs within cells of organisms and results in the production of carbon dioxide, water, and energy. The energy released from this reaction is used by the body for various functions, including supporting physical activities.
In this exercise, we calculated how much glucose is needed to provide a certain amount of energy, specifically for walking a certain distance.
Energy Conversion
Energy conversion in biological systems refers to the transformation of chemical energy from food into work, such as muscle movement. During this process, the energy from glucose is converted to perform muscular activities.
In our example, only 25% of the energy from glucose oxidation is effectively used for muscular work. The calculation involved converting grams of glucose into moles, and then figuring out how much of the available energy could be harnessed for walking. Ultimately, we determined how far glucose energy could take us in terms of distance.
Molecular Composition
Understanding the molecular composition of glucose (\( C_6H_{12}O_6 \)) is key to calculating the energy available for biological work. Glucose is a six-carbon sugar that serves as a primary energy source for cells.
The molar mass of glucose, calculated as ~180 g/mol, allows us to convert mass into moles, which is crucial for energy computations.
In the exercise, we used this information to convert 120 g of glucose into 0.67 moles, which enabled further calculations on the energy available for walking a distance. Through understanding glucose's molecular makeup, we can better appreciate its role in energy supply.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

The enthalpy of solution of \(\mathrm{BaCl}_{2}\) (s) and \(\mathrm{BaCl}_{2} \cdot 2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{s})\) are \(-20.6\) and \(8.8 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}\) respec- tively. The enthalpy change for the hydration of \(\mathrm{BaCl}_{2}(\mathrm{~s})\) is a. \(29.8 \mathrm{~kJ}\) b. \(-11.8 \mathrm{~kJ}\) c. \(-20.6 \mathrm{~kJ}\) d. \(-29.4 \mathrm{~kJ}\).

Which of the following expression is correct for an adiabatic process? a. \(\left(\mathrm{T}_{2} / \mathrm{T}_{1}\right)=\left(\mathrm{V}_{1} / \mathrm{V}_{2}\right)^{\mathrm{y}-1}\) b. \(\mathrm{P}_{2} / \mathrm{P}_{1}=\left(\mathrm{T}_{1} / \mathrm{T}_{2}\right)^{\gamma-1 / \mathrm{r}}\) c. \(\mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{~V}_{2}^{\gamma}=\mathrm{P}_{1} \mathrm{~V}_{1}^{\gamma}\) d. \(\mathrm{P}_{1} \mathrm{~V}_{1}^{-1}=\mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{~V}_{2}{ }^{\gamma-1}\)

Anhydrous \(\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\) is covalent. From the data given below, predict whether it would remain covalent or become ionic in aqueous solution (ionization energy of \(\mathrm{Al}=5137 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}, \Delta \mathrm{H}_{\text {htrim }}\) for \(\mathrm{Al}^{+3}=-4665 \mathrm{~kJ}\) \(\mathrm{mol}^{-1}, \Delta \mathrm{H}_{\text {hytration }}\) for \(\left.\mathrm{Cl}^{-}=-381 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}\right)\) a. ionic b. covalent c. both d. none [IIT 1997]

Which of the following statement is/are correct? a. From the following reaction $$ \mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}), \Delta \mathrm{H}=\mathrm{q}_{1} $$ Heat of formation of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})\) is \(\mathrm{q}_{1}\) b. From the following reaction $$ \mathrm{C} \text { (graphite) }+1 / 2 \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{g}), \Delta \mathrm{H}=\mathrm{q}_{2} $$ Heat of combustion of carbon is \(\mathrm{q}_{2}\). c. From the above reaction, heat of combustion of \(\mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{g})\) is \(\mathrm{q}_{1}\) and that of carbon is \(\mathrm{q}_{1}+\mathrm{q}_{2}\). d. From the above reaction, heat of formation of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) is \(\mathrm{q}_{1}+\mathrm{q}_{2}\)

A process is carried out at constant pressure. Given that \(\Delta \mathrm{H}\) is negative and \(\Delta \mathrm{E}\) is less than \(\Delta \mathrm{H}\), a. The system loses heat and contracts during the process b. The system loses heat and expands during the process c. The system absorbs heat and expands during the process d. The system absorbs heat and contracts during the process
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.