Chapter 5: Q19P (page 266)
For each Fischer projection, label each asymmetric carbon atom as (R) or (S). (a)-(f) the structures in Problem 5-18

Short Answer
The asymmetric carbon atoms have been labelled and assigned the absolute configurations, (R) and (S).


Step by step solution
Step-1. Explanation of part (a):
Fischer projection is a method of representing the three-dimensional structures of molecules in two-dimensional form on a page. By convention, horizontal lines represent bonds projecting from the plane of paper towards the viewer and vertical lines represent bonds projecting away from the viewer. Absolute configuration is the arrangement of atoms or group of atoms that are independent of any other atom or group of atoms in the molecule. Chiral centers are designated as 鈥搁鈥or 鈥沦鈥.
In part (a), the molecule is chiral and have 鈥湼殁 configuration.

Step-2. Explanation of part (b):
Fischer projection is a method of representing the three-dimensional structures of molecules in two-dimensional form on a page.By convention, horizontal lines represent bonds projecting from the plane of paper towards the viewer and vertical lines represent bonds projecting away from the viewer. Absolute configuration is the arrangement of atoms or group of atoms that are independent of any other atom or group of atoms in the molecule. Chiral centres are designated as 鈥搁鈥or 鈥沦鈥.
In part (b), the molecule is not chiral as it has no chiral centre present, thus, no configuration can be assigned.

Step-3. Explanation of part (c):
Fischer projection is a method of representing the three-dimensional structures of molecules in two-dimensional form on a page.By convention, horizontal lines represent bonds projecting from the plane of paper towards the viewer and vertical lines represent bonds projecting away from the viewer. Absolute configuration is the arrangement of atoms or group of atoms that are independent of any other atom or group of atoms in the molecule. Chiral centres are designated as 鈥搁鈥or 鈥沦鈥.
In part (c), the molecule is not chiral as it has no chiral center present, thus no configuration can be assigned.

No chiral centre present in the molecule
Step-4. Explanation of part (d):
Fischer projection is a method of representing the three-dimensional structures of molecules in two-dimensional form on a page.By convention, horizontal lines represent bonds projecting from the plane of paper towards the viewer and vertical lines represent bonds projecting away from the viewer. Absolute configuration is the arrangement of atoms or group of atoms that are independent of any other atom or group of atoms in the molecule. Chiral centres are designated as 鈥搁鈥or 鈥沦鈥.
In part (d), the molecule is chiral and has two chiral centres and configurations have been assigned to the two chiral centres.

Step-5. Explanation of part (e):
Fischer projection is a method of representing the three-dimensional structures of molecules in two-dimensional form on a page.By convention, horizontal lines represent bonds projecting from the plane of paper towards the viewer and vertical lines represent bonds projecting away from the viewer. Absolute configuration is the arrangement of atoms or group of atoms that are independent of any other atom or group of atoms in the molecule. Chiral centres are designated as 鈥搁鈥or 鈥沦鈥.
In part (e), the molecule is chiral with two chiral centres and configurations have been assigned to the two chiral centres.

Chiral centres have (2S,3R) configuration
Step-6. Explanation of part (f):
Fischer projection is a method of representing the three-dimensional structures of molecules in two-dimensional form on a page.By convention, horizontal lines represent bonds projecting from the plane of paper towards the viewer and vertical lines represent bonds projecting away from the viewer. Absolute configuration is the arrangement of atoms or group of atoms that are independent of any other atom or group of atoms in the molecule. Chiral centres are designated as 鈥搁鈥or 鈥沦鈥.
In part (f), the molecule is chiral with two chiral centres and configurations have been assigned to the two chiral centres.

Chiral centres have (2R,3R) configuration
Step-7. Explanation of part (g):
Fischer projection is a method of representing the three-dimensional structures of molecules in two-dimensional form on a page.By convention, horizontal lines represent bonds projecting from the plane of paper towards the viewer and vertical lines represent bonds projecting away from the viewer. Absolute configuration is the arrangement of atoms or group of atoms that are independent of any other atom or group of atoms in the molecule. Chiral centres are designated as 鈥搁鈥or 鈥沦鈥.
In part (g), the molecule is chiral and chiral centre has 鈥湼殁 configuration.

Chiral centre has 鈥湼殁 configuration
Step-8. Explanation of part (h):
Fischer projection is a method of representing the three-dimensional structures of molecules in two-dimensional form on a page.By convention, horizontal lines represent bonds projecting from the plane of paper towards the viewer and vertical lines represent bonds projecting away from the viewer. Absolute configuration is the arrangement of atoms or group of atoms that are independent of any other atom or group of atoms in the molecule. Chiral centres are designated as 鈥搁鈥or 鈥沦鈥.
In part (h), the molecule is chiral and chiral centre has 鈥淪鈥 configuration.

Step-9. Explanation of part (i):
Fischer projection is a method of representing the three-dimensional structures of molecules in two-dimensional form on a page.By convention, horizontal lines represent bonds projecting from the plane of paper towards the viewer and vertical lines represent bonds projecting away from the viewer. Absolute configuration is the arrangement of atoms or group of atoms that are independent of any other atom or group of atoms in the molecule. Chiral centres are designated as 鈥搁鈥or 鈥沦鈥.
In part (i), the molecule is chiral and chiral centre has 鈥淪鈥 configuration.

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