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Chapter 9: Problem 30

\Lambdatomic hydrogen produces formaldehyde when it reacts with (1) watcr (2) carbon monoxidc (3) carbon dioxide (4) formic acid

Short Answer

Expert verified
Carbon monoxide

Step by step solution

01

Identify Lambda Atomic Hydrogen

Atomic hydrogen used in this context refers to single hydrogen atoms known for high reactivity due to their single electron.
02

Understand Formaldehyde Production

Formaldehyde (CH鈧侽) is an organic compound that can form from reactions involving carbon sources and hydrogen.
03

Potential Reactants

Evaluate the given reactants to determine which can feasibly combine with hydrogen to produce formaldehyde: water (H鈧侽), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO鈧�), and formic acid (HCOOH).
04

Examine Each Reactant

Consider the reactions possible for each reactant:- Reaction 1: H鈧� + H鈧侽 鈫� Does not form CH鈧侽.- Reaction 2: 2H + CO 鈫� H鈧侰O (this is feasible).- Reaction 3: 2H + CO鈧� 鈫� Does not form CH鈧侽 directly.- Reaction 4: H鈧� + HCOOH 鈫� Does not form CH鈧侽 directly.
05

Conclusion

Based on the chemical feasibility, the reaction between atomic hydrogen and carbon monoxide leads to formaldehyde production.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Lambda Atomic Hydrogen
Atomic hydrogen is simply hydrogen in its atomic form, represented as 'H'. It's known for its high reactivity because it has only one electron. This reactivity makes it useful for various chemical reactions, including the production of formaldehyde. Atomic hydrogen can be generated using different methods, one of which involves an electric arc or plasma, resulting in what is referred to as 'Lambda Atomic Hydrogen'. This term often appears in advanced chemistry studies due to its unique properties and applications.
Reactivity of Hydrogen Atoms
Hydrogen atoms are extremely reactive. They don鈥檛 exist freely in nature under normal conditions because they tend to pair up and form molecular hydrogen (H鈧�). This reactivity comes from their desire to achieve a stable electron configuration.
The lone electron in a hydrogen atom makes it eager to bond with other atoms. This eagerness to form bonds leads to a variety of reactions.
Key points about hydrogen atom reactivity:
  • High energy and high reactivity
  • Ability to break and form bonds quickly
  • Utilized in synthesizing various chemical compounds
Understanding this reactivity is crucial for predicting how hydrogen atoms interact with other substances to produce desired compounds, such as formaldehyde.
Formaldehyde Synthesis
Formaldehyde is a simple but essential organic compound with the formula CH鈧侽. It can be synthesized through reactions involving carbon sources and hydrogen atoms. The process involves:
  • Reacting carbon monoxide (CO) with hydrogen atoms
  • The chemical reaction: 2H + CO 鈫� H鈧侰O
This reaction is feasible and results in the formation of formaldehyde. Other potential reactants like water (H鈧侽), carbon dioxide (CO鈧�), and formic acid (HCOOH) do not produce formaldehyde directly in the same manner. The simplicity and efficiency of the CO and hydrogen reaction make it a preferred pathway for formaldehyde synthesis in industrial settings.
Reactants Evaluation
Evaluating potential reactants is essential in determining which substances can produce formaldehyde. Critical considerations include:
  • Chemical feasibility
  • Reaction products
  • Energy requirements
In the problem, the given reactants are:
  • Water (H鈧侽)
  • Carbon monoxide (CO)
  • Carbon dioxide (CO鈧�)
  • Formic acid (HCOOH)
Among these, only carbon monoxide (CO) reacts with atomic hydrogen to produce formaldehyde. Knowing why the other reactants are less effective:*
  • H鈧侽 does not combine with hydrogen atoms to form CH鈧侽.
  • CO鈧� does not directly form CH鈧侽 with hydrogen atoms.
  • HCOOH has different reaction pathways, not leading to CH鈧侽.
This detailed evaluation enables chemists to select the most suitable reactants for specific chemical productions.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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