/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 15 Is energy transferred to a liqui... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 18: Problem 15

Is energy transferred to a liquid or from a liquid when it evaporates? When it solidifies?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Energy is transferred to a liquid when it evaporates and from a liquid when it solidifies.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Evaporation

When a liquid evaporates, it changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state. This process requires energy to break the intermolecular forces that hold the liquid molecules together. Therefore, energy must be supplied to the liquid during evaporation.
02

Analyzing Solidification

When a liquid solidifies, it changes from a liquid state to a solid state. In this process, energy is released as the intermolecular forces increase and molecules settle into a rigid structure. Thus, energy is transferred from the liquid into the surroundings when it solidifies.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Evaporation
Evaporation is a process in which a liquid turns into a gas. This transformation occurs because some of the molecules in a liquid gain enough energy to escape from the surface into the surrounding air.
For evaporation to occur, heat energy is needed. This energy must be absorbed by the liquid to overcome the intermolecular forces that keep the molecules together.
  • During evaporation, only the molecules with enough energy will evaporate, which is why the process often occurs faster at higher temperatures.
  • Evaporation results in the cooling of the remaining liquid since the higher energy molecules leave, reducing the average temperature of the liquid.
Understanding evaporation helps explain why water dries up in the sun or why sweat cools us down.
Solidification
Solidification is the process of a liquid changing into a solid. This occurs when the liquid cools, and the molecules slow down enough to form a stable, structured arrangement.
Unlike evaporation, solidification releases energy. When a liquid solidifies, the intermolecular forces become stronger as the molecules come together in a fixed pattern.
  • The energy released is often referred to as the heat of fusion.
  • Solidification is the opposite of melting, where energy must be absorbed to break the solid structure.
Common examples include water freezing into ice or molten lava cooling into solid rock.
Energy Transfer
Energy transfer plays a crucial role in both evaporation and solidification. During evaporation, energy is absorbed by the liquid.
This energy input is necessary for the molecules to overcome attractive forces between them. In contrast, in the solidification process, energy is released as the molecules form stronger bonds with each other.
  • Energy transfer during phase changes is always driven by a change in temperature or external conditions.
  • Understanding the direction of energy flow helps predict the outcomes of phase transitions, such as temperature changes in the environment.
Thus, the transfer of energy is central to understanding how and why phase changes occur.
Intermolecular Forces
Intermolecular forces are the attractive forces between molecules. They play a central role in determining the physical properties of substances, including their phase transitions.
  • In liquids, these forces must be overcome for evaporation to happen, requiring input of energy.
  • During solidification, these forces become stronger, releasing energy as molecules get arranged into a solid structure.
Understanding intermolecular forces sheds light on how substances change state and helps explain why some substances evaporate or solidify at different temperatures. These forces are integral to molecular behavior and are key to the processes of evaporation and solidification.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Research uses of fire on the Web. Describe how fire is used in gas heaters to heat homes.

Why is more energy required to raise the temperature of 1.0 \(\mathrm{g}\) of water compared with 1.0 \(\mathrm{g}\) of aluminum?

Use your own words to write a short paragraph describing fire to someone who has never seen it before.

From a molecular viewpoint, explain how thermal equilibrium is reached when hot and cold water mix.

What determines the direction of heat transfer?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.