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Chapter 15: Problem 3

Find at least three solutions at home. Identify the solute and the solvent for each.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Sugar water, salt water, and vinegar are common solutions. Sugar, salt, and acetic acid are solutes; water is the solvent.

Step by step solution

01

Identify a Common Household Solution - Sugar Water

Start by identifying a common household solution like sugar water. In this solution, sugar is the solute because it is the substance that gets dissolved, and water is the solvent because it is the medium that dissolves the solute.
02

Identify a Common Household Solution - Salt Water

Next, look at another solution you can find at home, like salt water. Here, salt is the solute that dissolves in the solvent, which is water.
03

Identify a Common Household Solution - Vinegar

Finally, consider vinegar as a solution where acetic acid is the solute and water is the solvent. Vinegar typically contains about 4鈥�8% acetic acid (the solute) mixed in water (the solvent).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Solute and Solvent
Every solution you encounter in your daily life is made up of two primary components: the solute and the solvent. But what do these terms mean?
  • Solute: This is the substance that is dissolved in a solution. It's usually present in a smaller quantity compared to the solvent.
  • Solvent: This is the medium that dissolves the solute. It is typically the component of a solution present in a larger amount.
Let's break this down with examples. When you make sugar water, sugar is the solute, as it is the substance being dissolved. Meanwhile, water acts as the solvent because it is the liquid that dissolves the sugar. This principle holds true for many solutions, whether it is salt water or a fizzy soda. Understanding these roles can help you easily identify what is dissolving and what is doing the dissolving in any solution you come across.
Household Solutions
Household solutions are simply solutions that you can commonly find at home. They are all around you in various forms and serve many functions. Let's look at some well-known examples:
  • Sugar Water: As mentioned, this is a simple solution where sugar is dissolved in water. You might find this in your sweetened drinks or while baking.
  • Salt Water: Another common solution is salt dissolving in water. You use it when cooking pasta or preserving food.
  • Vinegar: A fundamental ingredient in cooking, vinegar showcases a solution where acetic acid is dissolved in water.
These solutions show how the concepts of solute and solvent apply practically and help in everyday tasks, like boosting flavors in cooking or cleaning surfaces.
Acetic Acid in Vinegar
Vinegar is a familiar household solution with a characteristic tangy taste and powerful cleaning properties. But what exactly makes vinegar a solution?
  • Composition: Vinegar is primarily composed of water and acetic acid. Here, acetic acid acts as the solute while water is the solvent.
  • Concentration: Typically, vinegar contains about 4鈥�8% acetic acid. This means, for every 100mL of vinegar, about 4 to 8mL is acetic acid, while the rest is mostly water.
Acetic acid gives vinegar its distinct sharp flavor while also making it effective for various cleaning purposes. It can dissolve mineral deposits, cut through grease, and even kill bacteria, demonstrating the unique properties solutes can impart in solutions. Through vinegar, we see the practical application of solute and solvent principles not only in culinary arts but also in household cleaning.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What volume of each of these solutions would contain 58.44 g of NaCl? a. 0.10 M NaCl b. 3.0 M NaCl c. 5.5 M NaCl

When expressing molarity, M stands for \(\begin{array}{ll}{\text { (A) atoms per liter of water. }} & {\text { (B) moles per milliliter of solvent. }} \\ {\text { (C) moles per liter of solution. }} & {\text { (D) atoms per milliliter of solute. }} \\ {\text { (E) grams per liter of solution. }}\end{array}\)

Determine the molarity for each of these solutions. Then list the solutions in order of increasing molarity. a. 25 \(\mathrm{g} \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}\) per 0.25 \(\mathrm{L}\) b. 50 \(\mathrm{g} \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}\) per 0.25 \(\mathrm{L}\) c. 50 \(\mathrm{g} \mathrm{C}_{12} \mathrm{H}_{22} \mathrm{O}_{11}\) per 0.25 \(\mathrm{L}\)

How are mass of solute, moles of solute, and volume of solution related?

What portion of 1.0 L of 0.50 M blue dye solution has the same number of moles as 1.0 L of 0.25 M blue dye solution?
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