/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 17 What is an acid鈥揵ase reaction?... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 7: Problem 17

What is an acid鈥揵ase reaction? List an example and identify the acid and the base.

Short Answer

Expert verified
An acid-base reaction involves an acid donating a proton to a base, producing a salt and water. For example, HCl reacts with NaOH to form NaCl and H2O, where HCl is the acid and NaOH is the base.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding an Acid-Base Reaction

An acid-base reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs when an acid and a base interact, typically resulting in the production of a salt and water. In this process, the acid donates a proton (H+) to the base.
02

Example of an Acid-Base Reaction

An example of an acid-base reaction is the reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH): \[\text{HCl} + \text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{NaCl} + \text{H}_2\text{O}\]
03

Identifying Acid and Base in the Example

In the provided example, hydrochloric acid (HCl) is the acid because it donates a proton (H+) to the base, and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is the base because it accepts a proton.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Chemical Reaction
When substances interact and transform into different substances, we call this process a chemical reaction. It's like a dance that atoms and molecules perform, changing partners and forming new substances with different properties.

In any acid-base reaction, like the one we're discussing, certain molecules give away parts of themselves (protons) and others gladly accept them, leading to a noteworthy change. An easy way to recognize such a transformation is to look for new substances being formed, such as water and salts, which weren't present before.
Proton Donor
A proton donor, known in chemistry as an acid, is like a generous friend at a party, offering something valuable鈥攊n this case, protons (positively charged hydrogen ions, represented as H+).

In the example of hydrochloric acid (HCl), it acts as the proton donor. This is because it has a hydrogen ion ready to be donated to anything willing to accept it, which is one of the defining moves in the acid-base reaction dance.
Proton Acceptor
On the flip side, a proton acceptor behaves like an eager recipient, someone who takes the offered proton. We call this recipient a base.

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), with its OH group, is always on the lookout for an extra proton to latch onto. When NaOH encounters an H+ from HCl, it quickly snaps up the proton, essentially neutralizing the acid's generosity and forming water in the process.
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid, which means it's a real go-getter in terms of donating protons. It breaks up completely in water, releasing all its H+ ions into the solution.

Because of its eagerness to give up protons, HCl is often used in chemical reactions to study acid behavior. Its reaction with bases like sodium hydroxide is a prime example of acid-base chemistry at work.
Sodium Hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), on the other hand, is a strong base. It's at the ready to accept any protons thrown its way. In water, NaOH separates into Na+ and OH- ions, with the OH- ions being particularly keen on grabbing a proton from any nearby acid.

This acceptance of H+ ions from HCl leads to the creation of water (H2O), showcasing its basic, or alkaline, nature in the always fascinating dance of acid-base reactions.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Complete and balance each combustion reaction. (a) \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow\) (b) \(\mathrm{Ca}(s)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow\) (c) \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}(l)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g)\) (d) \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{~S}(l)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow\)

What does it mean if a compound is referred to as soluble? insoluble?

When solid sodium is added to liquid water, it reacts with the water to produce hydrogen gas and aqueous sodium hydroxide. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.

Classify each chemical reaction as a synthesis, decomposition, single- displacement, or double-displacement reaction. (a) \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{~S}(a q)+\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(a q) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{KNO}_{3}(a q)+\mathrm{CoS}(s)\) (b) \(3 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{N}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}(g)\) (c) \(\mathrm{Zn}(s)+\mathrm{CoCl}_{2}(a q) \longrightarrow \mathrm{ZnCl}_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{Co}(s)\) (d) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{Br}(g) \underset{\text { UV light }}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{CH}_{3}(g)+\mathrm{Br}(g)\)

Write a molecular equation for the precipitation reaction that occurs (if any) when each pair of solutions is mixed. If no reaction occurs, write NO REACTION. (a) sodium carbonate and lead(II) nitrate (b) potassium sulfate and lead(II) acetate (c) copper(II) nitrate and barium sulfide (d) calcium nitrate and sodium iodide
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.