/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 65 Name each ionic compound contain... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 5: Problem 65

Name each ionic compound containing a polyatomic ion. (a) \(\mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Pb}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\right)_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{I}\) (d) \(\mathrm{KClO}_{3}\) (e) \(\mathrm{CoSO}_{4}\) (f) \(\mathrm{NaClO}_{4}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Barium nitrate, (b) Lead(II) acetate, (c) Ammonium iodide, (d) Potassium chlorate, (e) Cobalt(II) sulfate (assuming Co is in the +2 oxidation state), (f) Sodium perchlorate.

Step by step solution

01

Identifying the Cation and Anion in Each Compound

Start by identifying the cation (positive ion) and the anion (negative ion, which in these cases is a polyatomic ion) in each compound. The cation is the first element listed, and the polyatomic ion is written in parentheses or as the second part of the formula.
02

Naming Each Ionic Compound

Use the periodic table and a list of common polyatomic ions to determine the names of the cations and anions. Write the name of the cation followed by the name of the anion. If the cation can have multiple charges, use Roman numerals to indicate the charge.
03

Naming (a) \(\mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\)

The cation is barium (Ba), which has a fixed charge, and the anion is nitrate (NO3). Since Ba has a fixed charge, no Roman numeral is needed. The name of the ionic compound is barium nitrate.
04

Naming (b) \(\mathrm{Pb}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\right)_{2}\)

The cation is lead (Pb), which can have multiple charges, and the anion is acetate (C2H3O2). To name the compound, determine the charge of Pb from the subscript of the anion. Here, lead must be in the +2 charge state to balance two acetate ions, so it is lead(II) acetate.
05

Naming (c) \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{I}\)

The cation is ammonium (NH4), and the anion is iodide (I). The ionic compound is named ammonium iodide.
06

Naming (d) \(\mathrm{KClO}_{3}\)

The cation is potassium (K), and the anion is chlorate (ClO3). The ionic compound is named potassium chlorate.
07

Naming (e) \(\mathrm{CoSO}_{4}\)

The cation is cobalt (Co), which can have multiple charges, and the anion is sulfate (SO4). To determine the charge of cobalt in this compound, one must know its common oxidation states, which are +2 and +3; however, cobalt(II) sulfate is more common. The compound is named cobalt(II) sulfate.
08

Naming (f) \(\mathrm{NaClO}_{4}\)

The cation is sodium (Na), and the anion is perchlorate (ClO4). The ionic compound is named sodium perchlorate.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Polyatomic Ions
Polyatomic ions are charged entities composed of several atoms bound together that act as a single ion. These ions cannot be simply deduced by looking at the periodic table, unlike monatomic ions that consist of a single atom. A common list of polyatomic ions includes sulfate ((SO_4^{2-})), nitrate ((NO_3^-)), and ammonium ((NH_4^+)).Understanding the composition of these ions is critical when naming ionic compounds. For instance, in barium nitrate ((Ba(NO_3)_2)), 'nitrate' refers to the polyatomic ion with the chemical formula (NO_3^-). Recognizing these ions by their formula and charge allows for correct compound identification and naming.
Cation and Anion Identification
To correctly name an ionic compound, you must first identify the cation (positively charged ion) and the anion (negatively charged ion). For simple ionic compounds, the cation is typically a metal and located at the beginning of the chemical formula.In the case of cobalt(II) sulfate ((CoSO_4)), cobalt (Co) is the cation, and sulfate ((SO_4^{2-})) is the anion. For compounds with transition metals or metals that can have multiple positive charges, like lead (Pb), the charge is indicated in Roman numerals (in this case, lead(II) acetate). This step ensures proper charge balance between the cations and anions within the compound.
Chemical Nomenclature
Chemical nomenclature is a systematic method for naming chemical substances. For ionic compounds, the cation is named first, followed by the anion. When the cation is a metal that can have more than one charge, such as lead or cobalt, the specific charge is indicated by Roman numerals directly after the metal's name.For example, in (Pb(C_2H_3O_2)_2), lead has two possible charges (+2 or +4), but since acetate has a charge of -1, and there are two acetates present, lead must have a charge of +2, rendering the compound lead(II) acetate. This system of nomenclature provides a clear, standardized way to communicate the precise compound in question.
Oxidation States
Oxidation states, also known as oxidation numbers, are used to describe the degree of oxidation of an atom in a chemical compound. The oxidation state is key for determining the formula and name of ionic compounds, especially for metals that can have more than one common charge.The rules for identifying oxidation states include assigning metals the oxidation state equal to their charge when in ionic form. For instance, in cobalt(II) sulfate ((CoSO_4)), the (II) indicates that cobalt has an oxidation state of +2. Understanding oxidation states is not only critical for proper nomenclature but also for predicting the reactivity and properties of chemical substances.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Write a formula for each molecular compound. (a) carbon monoxide (b) disulfur tetrafluoride (c) dichlorine monoxide (d) phosphorus pentafluoride (e) boron tribromide (f) diphosphorus pentasulfide

Write the correct formula for each species: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, the carbonate ion. List as many similarities and differences between these three species as you can. Try to get at least one contribution from each group member.

Classify each compound as ionic or molecular. (a) \(\mathrm{CS}_{2}\) (b) CuO (c) KI (d) \(\mathrm{PCl}_{3}\)

Write a formula for each molecular compound. (a) chlorine monoxide (b) xenon tetroxide (c) xenon hexafluoride (d) carbon tetrabromide (e) diboron tetrachloride (f) tetraphosphorus triselenide

What is the basic form for the name of oxyacids whose oxyanions end with -ite?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.