Chapter 9: Problem 43
What is the theoretical yield for a reaction, and how does this quantity depend on the limiting reactant?
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Chapter 9: Problem 43
What is the theoretical yield for a reaction, and how does this quantity depend on the limiting reactant?
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When the hydroxide compound of many metals is heated, water is driven off and the oxide of the metal remains. For example, if cobalt(II) hydroxide is heated, cobalt(II) oxide is produced. $$\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(s) \rightarrow \operatorname{CoO}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g)$$ What mass of cobalt(II) oxide would remain if \(5.75 \mathrm{g}\) of cobalt(II) hydroxide were heated strongly?
Lead(II) oxide from an ore can be reduced to elemental lead by heating in a furnace with carbon. $$\mathrm{PbO}(s)+\mathrm{C}(s) \rightarrow \mathrm{Pb}(l)+\mathrm{CO}(g)$$ Calculate the expected yield of lead if \(50.0 \mathrm{kg}\) of lead oxide is heated with \(50.0 \mathrm{kg}\) of carbon.
Consider the balanced equation $$ \mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}(g)+5 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow 3 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+4 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g) $$ What mole ratio enables you to calculate the number of moles of oxygen needed to react exactly with a given number of moles of \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}(g) ?\) What mole ratios enable you to calculate how many moles of each product form from a given number of moles of \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8} ?\)
Solutions of sodium hydroxide cannot be kept for very long because they absorb carbon dioxide from the air, forming sodium carbonate. The unbalanced equation is $$\mathrm{NaOH}(a q)+\mathrm{CO}_{2}(g) \rightarrow \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)$$ Calculate the number of grams of carbon dioxide that can be absorbed by complete reaction with a solution that contains \(5.00 \mathrm{g}\) of sodium hydroxide.
Thionyl chloride, \(\mathrm{SOCl}_{2}\), is used as a very powerful drying agent in many synthetic chemistry experiments in which the presence of even small amounts of water would be detrimental. The unbalanced chemical equation is $$\mathrm{SOCl}_{2}(l)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \rightarrow \mathrm{SO}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{HCl}(g)$$ Calculate the mass of water consumed by complete reaction of \(35.0 \mathrm{g}\) of \(\mathrm{SOCl}_{2}\).
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