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Chapter 6: Problem 8

In an ordinary chemical reaction, _____________ are neither created nor destroyed.

Short Answer

Expert verified
In an ordinary chemical reaction, \(\textbf{atoms}\) are neither created nor destroyed.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Chemical Reactions

A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. The substances initially present before the reaction are called reactants, while the newly formed substances after the reaction are called products. The substance that remains unchanged during the chemical reaction is the answer we are looking for.
02

Recognizing the Conservation Principle

The principle is called the Law of Conservation of Matter, which states that matter cannot be created nor destroyed in an ordinary chemical reaction. That means the amount (mass) of atoms in the reactants should be equal to the amount (mass) of atoms in the products.
03

Fill in the Blank

Using the information from the previous steps, we can complete the sentence: In an ordinary chemical reaction, \(\textbf{atoms}\) are neither created nor destroyed.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Chemical Reactions
Chemical reactions are fascinating processes where substances, known as reactants, transform into new substances called products. These reactions occur in a variety of everyday phenomena such as baking a cake or rusting iron.
For instance, when we mix baking soda with vinegar, they react to form water and carbon dioxide鈥攁n exciting bubbly reaction we can observe right before our eyes!
A few key points about chemical reactions include:
  • Reactants are the starting materials or the substances that take part in the reaction.
  • Products are the new substances formed as a result of the chemical reaction.
  • Chemical reactions involve the breaking of old bonds and the formation of new ones. This rearrangement of atoms is what changes the reactants into products.
Atoms
At the core of any chemical reaction, we find atoms, which are the smallest basic units of matter that retain the characteristics of an element. Atoms are incredibly tiny and act as the building blocks for everything around us.
In a chemical reaction, these atoms do not disappear or magically appear. Instead, they just get rearranged from one configuration to another.
According to the Law of Conservation of Matter, in any ordinary chemical reaction, the number of atoms before and after the reaction remains the same. Here's what this means in simple terms:
  • You can't create new atoms from nothing in a reaction.
  • Atoms are not lost; they are simply put together in new ways to form the products.
  • The mass of the reactants must equal the mass of the products, confirming that atoms are neither created nor destroyed.
Reactants and Products
Understanding the roles of reactants and products is key to grasping chemical reactions.
**Reactants** are the substances present at the start of a chemical reaction. Imagine them as the ingredients you need to make a cake. You mix them together, and through the process of baking (which involves heat and time), they transform into something delicious鈥攁 cake.
Similarly, in a chemical reaction, reactants are mixed and rearranged, usually with the help of energy like heat or light, to form new substances.
**Products** are like your final result鈥攖he cake, in this analogy. They are the substances formed when the chemical reaction is complete.
Key points to remember:
  • The same atoms present in reactants are rearranged to become products.
  • No atom is lost or gained; they are only assembled differently.
  • The properties of products are usually different from those of reactants due to this rearrangement.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Small cuts and abrasions on the skin are frequently cleaned using hydrogen peroxide solution. What evidence is there that treating a wound with hydrogen peroxide causes a chemical reaction to take place?

If you had a "sour stomach," you might try an over-the-counter antacid tablet to relieve the problem. Can you think of evidence that the action of such an antacid is a chemical reaction?

Many over-the-counter antacid tablets are now formulated using calcium carbonate as the active ingredient, which enables such tablets to also be used as dietary calcium supplements. As an antacid for gastric hyperacidity, calcium carbonate reacts by combining with hydrochloric acid found in the stomach,producing a solution of calcium chloride, converting the stomach acid to water, and releasing carbon dioxide gas (which the person suffering from stomach problems may feel as a "burp"). Write the unbalanced chemical equation for this process.

How do we know when a chemical reaction is taking place? Can you think of an example of how each of the five senses (sight, hearing, taste, touch, smell) might be used in detecting when a chemical reaction has taken place?

Ozone gas is a form of elemental oxygen containing molecules with three oxygen atoms, \(\mathrm{O}_{3}\). Ozone is produced from atmospheric oxygen gas, \(\mathrm{O}_{2},\) by the highenergy outbursts found in lightning storms. Write the unbalanced equation for the formation of ozone gas from oxygen gas.
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