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Chapter 19: Problem 65

Write the equation for the synthesis of ethanol from ethylene. What are some commercial uses of ethanol made by this process?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The balanced chemical equation for the synthesis of ethanol from ethylene is: \(C_2H_4 + H_2O \rightarrow C_2H_5OH\). Commercial uses of ethanol made by this process include serving as a solvent in paint manufacturing, personal care products, fuel additives to gasoline, pharmaceuticals, and cleaning solutions for electronic devices and scientific equipment.

Step by step solution

01

Write the balanced chemical equation for the synthesis of ethanol from ethylene

To synthesize ethanol from ethylene, water (H鈧侽) reacts with ethylene (C鈧侶鈧�) in the presence of an acid catalyst, producing ethanol (C鈧侶鈧匫H). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: \[ C_2H_4 + H_2O \rightarrow C_2H_5OH \]
02

List some commercial uses of ethanol made by this process

Ethanol produced from ethylene is mainly used as an industrial and commercial solvent. Some of its uses include: 1. As a solvent in the manufacturing of paints, varnishes, and other coating materials. 2. In the production of personal care products, such as perfumes, cosmetics, and toiletries. 3. As a fuel additive to gasoline for reducing vehicle emissions and improving engine performance. 4. In the pharmaceutical industry, ethanol made from ethylene serves as a solvent in the manufacturing of drugs and medicines. 5. It is also used in cleaning solutions for electronic devices, scientific equipment, and glassware.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

How is the root name of an alkane modified to indicate that a given hydrocarbon contains a double or triple bond in its longest continuous chain?

Alkanes in which the carbon atoms form a single unbranched chain are said to be __________ alkanes.

Write the formula for the missing reactant or product in each of the following chemical equations. a. \(\mathrm{CH}_{4}(g)+\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(g) \rightarrow\) _________ \(+\mathrm{HCl}(g)\) b. \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}(g) \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}(g)+\) _________ c. \(\mathrm{CHCl}_{3}(l)+\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(g) \rightarrow \mathrm{CCl}_{4}(l)+\) __________

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Salicylic acid is an interesting molecule; it is both an acid and an alcohol, having a hydroxyl group attached to the aromatic ring (phenol). For this reason, salicylic acid can undergo two different esterification reactions depending on which functional group of salicylic acid reacts. For example, as discussed in this chapter, when treated with acetic acid-a stronger acid- salicylic acid behaves as an alcohol, and the ester produced is acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). On the other hand, when reacted with methyl alcohol, salicylic acid behaves as an acid, and the ester methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen) is produced. Methyl salicylate is also an analgesic and is part of the formulation of many liniments for sore muscles. Write an equation for the production of each of these esters of salicylic acid.
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