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Chapter 12: Problem 1

The introduction to this chapter says that "we live immersed in a gaseous solution." What does that mean?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The statement "we live immersed in a gaseous solution" means that the air around us is a mixture of different gases like nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases. These gases maintain their individual properties while mixing together in a gaseous solution. This atmospheric composition plays a crucial role in sustaining life on Earth, providing breathable air, and regulating the planet's temperature and climate.

Step by step solution

01

Defining a gaseous solution

A gaseous solution is a mixture of gases, where one or more gases are dissolved in another gas. Just like solid and liquid solutions, gaseous solutions also involve the mixing of substances without a chemical reaction. The components of a gaseous solution maintain their original properties, such as mass, volume, and pressure.
02

Relating gaseous solutions to our environment

When we say that "we live immersed in a gaseous solution," we are referring to the fact that the air around us is actually a mixture of different gases e.g., nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other trace gases like argon and neon. Therefore, our surrounding environment can be considered a gaseous solution.
03

Describing the composition of the gaseous solution we live in

The atmosphere, which is the gaseous solution we live in, primarily consists of: 1. Nitrogen (\(N_2\)) - approximately 78% 2. Oxygen (\(O_2\)) - approximately 21% 3. Argon (\(Ar\)) - approximately 0.93% 4. Carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) - approximately 0.04% 5. Trace amounts of other gases like neon, helium, and methane. It is important to note that this composition is generally consistent throughout the lower atmosphere, although the concentrations of certain gases may vary slightly due to local factors, such as pollution or volcanic activity.
04

Importance of the atmospheric gaseous solution

Living in a gaseous solution has crucial implications for life on Earth. For instance, oxygen allows us to breathe and sustain our lives, while the presence of trace gases like carbon dioxide plays a major role in the Earth's temperature and climate regulation through the greenhouse effect. Furthermore, the constant mixing and diffusion of the different gases in the atmosphere enable them to spread evenly and maintain a stable composition, essential for sustaining life on our planet.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A \(500 .-\mathrm{mL}\) sample of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) gas at \(24^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) was prepared by decomposing a \(3 \%\) aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2},\) in the presence of a small amount of manganese catalyst by the reaction $$ 2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}(a q) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) $$ The oxygen thus prepared was collected by displacement of water. The total pressure of gas collected was \(755 \mathrm{mm}\) Hg. What is the partial pressure of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) in the mixture? How many moles of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) are in the mixture? (The vapor pressure of water at \(24^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is \(23 \mathrm{mm}\) Hg.)

If 3.25 mol of argon gas occupies a volume of \(100 .\) L at a particular temperature and pressure, what volume does 14.15 mol of argon occupy under the same conditions?

Although we generally think of combustion reactions as involving oxygen gas, other rapid oxidation reactions are also referred to as combustions. For example, if magnesium metal is placed into chlorine gas, a rapid oxidation takes place, and magnesium chloride is produced. $$ \mathrm{Mg}(s)+\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(g) \rightarrow \mathrm{MgCl}_{2}(s) $$ What volume of chlorine gas, measured at STP, is required to react completely with \(1.02 \mathrm{g}\) of magnesium?

Temperature is a measure of the average _______ of the molecules in a sample of gas.

What volume does a mixture of \(14.2 \mathrm{g}\) of He and \(21.6 \mathrm{g}\) of \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\) occupy at \(28^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and 0.985 atm?
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