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Chapter 10: Problem 54

Write the complete orbital diagram for each of the following elements, using boxes to represent orbitals and arrows to represent electrons. a. aluminum, \(Z=13\) b. phosphorus, \(Z=15\) c. bromine, \(Z=35\) d. argon, \(Z=18\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Short-answer: Aluminum (\(Z=13\)): 1s: 鈫库噦, 2s: 鈫库噦, 2p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦, 3s: 鈫库噦, 3p: 鈫� Phosphorus (\(Z=15\)): 1s: 鈫库噦, 2s: 鈫库噦, 2p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦, 3s: 鈫库噦, 3p: 鈫�-鈫�-鈫� Bromine (\(Z=35\)): 1s: 鈫库噦, 2s: 鈫库噦, 2p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦, 3s: 鈫库噦, 3p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦, 4s: 鈫库噦, 3d: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦, 4p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫�-鈫�-鈫� Argon (\(Z=18\)): 1s: 鈫库噦, 2s: 鈫库噦, 2p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦, 3s: 鈫库噦, 3p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦

Step by step solution

01

Aluminum orbital diagram

The simplified orbital diagram representing aluminum electrons' distribution is as follows: 1s: 鈫库噦 2s: 鈫库噦 2p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦 3s: 鈫库噦 3p: 鈫� b. Phosphorus, \(Z=15\) #Step 1: Identify electron configuration# For phosphorus, with atomic number 15, the electron configuration is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^3\). #Step 2: Draw orbital diagrams#
02

Phosphorus orbital diagram

The simplified orbital diagram representing phosphorus electrons' distribution is as follows: 1s: 鈫库噦 2s: 鈫库噦 2p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦 3s: 鈫库噦 3p: 鈫�-鈫�-鈫� c. Bromine, \(Z=35\) #Step 1: Identify electron configuration# For bromine, with atomic number 35, the electron configuration is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^5\). #Step 2: Draw orbital diagrams#
03

Bromine orbital diagram

The simplified orbital diagram representing bromine electrons' distribution is as follows: 1s: 鈫库噦 2s: 鈫库噦 2p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦 3s: 鈫库噦 3p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦 4s: 鈫库噦 3d: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦 4p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫�-鈫�-鈫� d. Argon, \(Z=18\) #Step 1: Identify electron configuration# For argon, with atomic number 18, the electron configuration is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6\). #Step 2: Draw orbital diagrams#
04

Argon orbital diagram

The simplified orbital diagram representing argon electrons' distribution is as follows: 1s: 鈫库噦 2s: 鈫库噦 2p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦 3s: 鈫库噦 3p: 鈫库噦-鈫库噦-鈫库噦

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Without referring to your textbook or a periodic table, write the full electron configuration, the orbital box diagram, and the noble gas shorthand configuration for the elements with the following atomic numbers. a. \(Z=21\) b. \(Z=15\) c. \(Z=36\) d. \(Z=38\) e. \(Z=30\)

What name is given to the series of ten elements in which the electrons are filling the \(3 d\) sublevel?

Though all the elements in a given period (horizontal row) of the periodic table have their valence electrons in the same types of orbitals, the sizes of the atoms decrease from left to right within a period. Explain why.

When students first see a drawing of the \(p\) orbitals, they often question how the electron is able to jump through the nucleus to get from one lobe of the \(p\) orbital to the other. How would you explain this?

Into how many sublevels is the third principal energy level of hydrogen divided? What are the names of the orbitals that constitute these sublevels? What are the general shapes of these orbitals?
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