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Chapter 3: Problem 8

What is the stem of selenium used in molecule names? SiSe 2 is an example.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The stem for selenium in chemical names is 'selen'.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Element

First, we need to identify the element in question, which is selenium. Selenium is a nonmetal and is located in group 16 of the periodic table, right below sulfur.
02

Understand Stem Usage

In chemistry, the stem of an element's name is used to form part of the names of its compounds. For nonmetals like selenium, compound names often use a stem of the element's name.
03

Determine Selenium's Stem

For selenium, the stem used in compound names is derived from its elemental name. The stem of selenium is 'selen'. This stem is used in various chemical compound names like selenide (when forming ionic compounds) or selenos (in some organic or complex chemical names).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Chemical Nomenclature
Chemical nomenclature is the systematic naming of chemical compounds. This ensures that each compound has a unique and universally recognized name. For selenium, understanding its naming conventions involves knowing its stem and how it's incorporated into compound names. The element's stem is a key part of its chemical nomenclature. The stem is usually derived from the core part of the element's name. In the case of selenium, its stem "selen" is used in compounds like selenide. Another crucial part of chemical nomenclature is understanding how these stems are combined with other elements in a compound to form systematic names. For example:
  • Selenium forms SeO2 which is known as selenium dioxide.
  • When forming ionic compounds, selenium becomes selenide, like in Sodium selenide (Na2Se).
Nonmetals in Periodic Table
Nonmetals are found on the right side of the periodic table. They have distinct properties that differentiate them from metals. In the periodic table, nonmetals include elements like oxygen, sulfur, and selenium. Nonmetals typically:
  • Have higher ionization energies and electronegativities.
  • Gain electrons during chemical reactions to form anions.
  • Have varied oxidation states which makes them versatile in forming different compounds.
Selenium, specifically, is part of Group 16, which is also known as the chalcogens. This group contains oxygen and sulfur as well, both of which share similar chemical properties with selenium.
Selenium Compounds
Selenium compounds include a wide range of molecules where selenium interacts with other atoms. When forming compounds, selenium can act in different capacities depending on its oxidation state, which ranges typically from -2 to +6. Some notable selenium compounds are:
  • Selenides - Selenium with a -2 oxidation state, often forming binary compounds like H2Se (hydrogen selenide).
  • Selenates - Selenium with a +6 oxidation state, as in Na2SeO4 (sodium selenate).
  • Diselenides - Compounds containing two selenium atoms, like in Se2Cl2.
Each type of compound exemplifies the versatility of selenium in forming diverse chemical structures. This diversity allows selenium to participate in various chemical and biological processes.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Give the proper name for each molecule. a) \(\mathrm{SeO}_{2}\) b) \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) c) \(\mathrm{XeF}_{6}\)

Give the proper name for each molecule. a) \(\mathrm{XeF}_{2}\) b) \(\mathrm{O}_{2} \mathrm{~F}_{2}\) c) \(\mathrm{SF}_{6}\)

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