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Chapter 6: Problem 39

When dry ammonia gas is passed over heated sodium (out of contact of air) the product formed is: (a) sodium hydride \(\square\) (b) sodium nitride [ (c) sodamide \(\square\) (d) sodium cynamide \(\square\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The product formed is option (c) sodamide (NaNH鈧�).

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Reaction

To solve this problem, we need to understand the chemical reaction that occurs when dry ammonia gas is passed over heated sodium. Sodium (Na) reacts with ammonia (NH鈧�) to form a compound. The options provided describe possible products of this reaction.
02

Identify the Reaction Product

Sodium reacts with ammonia to form sodium amide, also known as sodamide, with the chemical formula NaNH鈧�. The reaction occurs as: \[ 2Na + 2NH鈧� ightarrow 2NaNH鈧� + H鈧� \] This reaction indicates that the product formed is sodamide, or sodium amide.
03

Match with Given Options

Among the options provided, we need to identify which corresponds to NaNH鈧�. Checking the list, option (c) matches as sodamide corresponds to sodium amide which is indeed the product of the reaction.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Sodium Amide
Sodium amide, also known as sodamide, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaNH鈧�. It acts as an essential reagent in organic synthesis and is known for its strong base characteristics. Sodium amide appears as a white crystalline solid and is highly reactive.
  • It is commonly used in the preparation of various organic compounds, such as dyes and pharmaceuticals.
  • The compound must be handled with care, as it can react violently with water, releasing ammonia and heat.
  • In industries, sodium amide is utilized as a deprotonating agent, making it vital for many chemical reactions.
Understanding the nature and properties of sodium amide is crucial for chemists, especially those working in organic chemistry.
Reaction of Sodium with Ammonia
When sodium (Na) reacts with ammonia (NH鈧�), a fascinating chemical reaction takes place. This involves the interaction between a metal and a non-metal compound. The conditions necessary for this reaction include heating sodium and ensuring the presence of dry ammonia gas.
  • Firstly, sodium must be heated to initiate the reaction. Heat serves as a catalyst to enable the reactivity of sodium.
  • The absence of air is critical because exposure to atmospheric oxygen could lead to unwanted side reactions.
  • Ammonia gas needs to be dry because moisture could interfere with the reaction, forming different byproducts.
In this particular chemical equation, sodium and ammonia react according to the formula: \[ 2Na + 2NH鈧� \rightarrow 2NaNH鈧� + H鈧� \] This showcases how sodium amide and hydrogen gas are formed as products.
Sodamide Formation
The formation of sodamide is the pivotal aspect of the reaction between sodium and ammonia. Sodamide, or sodium amide, is the end product when these substances react under controlled conditions. Here鈥檚 how the formation occurs:
  • Sodium atoms donate electrons, facilitating the breakdown of ammonia's molecular bonds.
  • The process results in the creation of sodium amide and hydrogen gas as byproducts, highlighting the reactivity and versatility of sodium.
  • This particular reaction is vital in chemical laboratories, demonstrating a direct conversion of synthetic inputs into functional products.
Sodamide formation provides a foundational chemical process used in various applications, underscoring the significance of handling materials and conditions judiciously.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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