/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 83 Which of the following pairs wil... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 5: Problem 83

Which of the following pairs will give effervescence with aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution? (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COCl}\) and \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CO}\) (b) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CONH}_{2}\) and \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}\right)_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (c) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}\) and \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOCH}_{3}\) (d) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COCl}\) and \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}\right)_{2} \mathrm{O}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COCl}\) and \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CO}\) and (d) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COCl}\) and \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}\right)_{2} \mathrm{O}\)

Step by step solution

01

Identify acidic compounds

Generally, compounds with acidic hydrogens (H鈦�) will react with NaHCO鈧� to produce CO鈧� and cause effervescence. Let's examine each compound in the given pairs to find out if there are acidic hydrogens present. (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COCl}\) and \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CO}\) * \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COCl}\): Acyl chloride, a strong acid with an acidic hydrogen. * \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CO}\): Ketone, not acidic. (b) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CONH}_{2}\) and \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}\right)_{2} \mathrm{O}\) * \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CONH}_{2}\): Amide, not acidic. * \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}\right)_{2} \mathrm{O}\): Ether, not acidic. (c) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}\) and \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOCH}_{3}\) * \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}\): Phenol, weak acid with an acidic hydrogen. * \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOCH}_{3}\): Ester, not acidic. (d) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COCl}\) and \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}\right)_{2} \mathrm{O}\) * \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COCl}\): Acyl chloride, a strong acid with an acidic hydrogen. * \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}\right)_{2} \mathrm{O}\): Ether, not acidic.
02

Find the pair with an acidic compound reacting with NaHCO鈧�

Now that we have identified the acidic compounds in each pair, we can see that acyl chloride (\(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COCl}\)) and phenol (\(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}\)) are the acidic compounds in the given pairs. Acyl chloride will react with NaHCO鈧� to produce CO鈧�. Phenol has an acidic hydrogen, but it is a weak acid and does not react with NaHCO鈧�.
03

Identify the pair that will give effervescence

Based on our analysis, effervescence will occur in the presence of the acyl chloride (\(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COCl}\)). (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COCl}\) and \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CO}\) (d) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COCl}\) and \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}\right)_{2} \mathrm{O}\) Out of the two options that include acyl chloride, both pairs will give effervescence with aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. Therefore, the correct pairs are (a) and (d).

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Acidic Hydrogens in Organic Compounds
Understanding acidic hydrogens in organic compounds is crucial when predicting reactions with bases such as sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO鈧�). Generally, these hydrogen atoms are attached to electronegative atoms like oxygen or nitrogen, or to a carbon that is part of an unsaturated bond.

In the context of the given exercise, organic compounds such as acids, phenols, and certain acyl chlorides contain hydrogen atoms that can be released as protons (H鈦�) in a reaction. This release of protons is responsible for the characteristic effervescence seen when these compounds react with NaHCO鈧�, as the bicarbonate ion acts as a weak base capturing these protons to form carbon dioxide gas and water.
Chemical Properties of Acyl Chlorides
Among the most reactive carbonyl compounds are the acyl chlorides, also known as acid chlorides. They are characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group (a carbon double-bonded to an oxygen) attached to a chlorine atom. Their chemical properties include high reactivity towards nucleophilic agents such as water, alcohols, and even weak bases like NaHCO鈧�.

This reactivity is due to the high electrophilicity of the carbon atom in the carbonyl group, which in turn is heightened by the good leaving-group quality of the chloride ion. When acyl chlorides come into contact with NaHCO鈧�, they rapidly react, releasing CO鈧� gas, hence the effervescence observed in these reactions.
Carbonyl Compound Reactivity
The reactivity of carbonyl compounds such as ketones, aldehydes, and esters varies depending on the compound's structure and the surrounding atoms. In particular, the carbon atom of the carbonyl group is electrophilic, but not all carbonyl compounds will react with NaHCO鈧� to produce effervescence.

For instance, ketones and esters lack the acidic hydrogen that is crucial for the reaction with NaHCO鈧� to form CO鈧�. Therefore, although they contain a carbonyl group, they do not exhibit the same reactivity as acyl chlorides in the presence of sodium hydrogen carbonate.
Effervescence in Chemical Reactions
Effervescence refers to the escape of gas from a liquid solution, creating a fizzing or bubbling effect. This usually occurs in chemical reactions that produce a gas as one of the products.

In the context of the given problem, effervescence is indicative of a chemical reaction taking place between an acid, such as an acyl chloride, and NaHCO鈧�. The reaction liberates CO鈧� gas, observable as bubbling in the solution. This visual cue is a common and useful indicator to confirm the presence of acidic hydrogens in organic compounds and to gauge their reactivity with basic substances like sodium hydrogen carbonate.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

An acid on treating with calcium hydroxide followed by dry distillation gives 2,4 -dimethyl-3-pentanone. The acid is (a) 2,4 -dimethyl pentanoic acid (b) 2,2 -dimethyl propanoic acid (c) 2 -methyl propanoic acid (d) butanoic acid

A compound, which is known as oil of bitter almonds is (a) acetaldehyde (b) acetone (c) acetophenone (d) benzaldehyde

Each question in this section has four suggested answers of which ONE OR MORE answers will be correct. \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOH} \underset{\text { (ii) heat }}{\stackrel{(\mathrm{i}) \mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}}{\longrightarrow}}(\mathrm{P})\) The organic compound (P) formed in the above reaction (a) does not reduce Tollens' reagent (b) does not undergo aldol condensation (c) reacts with chloroform in presence of alkali (d) gives two geometrical isomers of the oxime when treated with hydroxylamine

The increasing order of the rate of HCN addition to the following carbonyl compounds is O=Cc1ccccc1 O=Cc1cccc(Cl)c1 \(\mathrm{Ph}-\mathrm{CO}-\mathrm{Ph}\) (IV) (II) (III) (a) II > IV < III < I (b) IV \(<\) II \(<\) III \(<\mathrm{I}\) (c) \(\mathrm{IV}<\mathrm{I} \leq \mathrm{III}<\mathrm{II}\) (d) \(\quad \mathrm{IV}<\mathrm{III}<\mathrm{II}<\mathrm{I}\)

Column I Column II (a) \(\mathrm{p}-\mathrm{NO}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{4} \mathrm{CHO}\) (p) Friedel-Crafts reaction (b) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5}\) (q) Claisen Condensation (c) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{COCl}\) (r) Perkin reaction (d) \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}\right)_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (s) Benzoin condensation (t) Rosenmund's reduction
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.