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Chapter 17: Problem 40

Determine the oxidation number of each atom in CoO.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The oxidation number of Co in the compound CoO is +2, while the oxidation number of O is -2.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the atoms in the compound

Identify the elements in the compound. In CoO, there are two elements: cobalt (Co) and oxygen (O).
02

Apply the rules of oxidation number

According to the rules of oxidation numbers, the oxidation number of an atom in its pure form or non-combined state is zero. For monoatomic ions, the oxidation number equals the charge on the ion. Oxygen usually has an oxidation number of -2 in its compounds. In CoO, oxygen follows this rule and has an oxidation number of -2.
03

Determine the oxidation number of Co

Use the rule that the sum of the oxidation numbers in a neutral molecule equals zero. In CoO, the sum of the oxidation numbers of Co (which we do not know) and O (which we know is -2) should equal zero. So, let's call the oxidation number or Co as x. Thus, x + (-2) = 0, which implies that x = 2. The oxidation number of Co in the compound CoO is +2.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Chemical Compounds
Chemical compounds are formed when two or more elements combine in specific ratios, adhering to the rules of chemistry. These combinations create a new substance with distinct properties.
One of the classic examples of a chemical compound is water (H鈧侽), where hydrogen and oxygen come together. But today, we're focusing on a compound called cobalt oxide (CoO).
A chemical compound, such as CoO, involves a systematic pairing of atoms. This systematic pairing adheres to predetermined rules, especially when figuring out details like oxidation numbers.
  • The unique properties of a chemical compound arise from the specific combination of its constituent elements.
  • In CoO, this is the pairing between cobalt (Co) and oxygen (O).
  • The formation of a compound like CoO often involves a balance of oxidation numbers to form a neutral entity.
Understanding chemical compounds is essential for predicting how different elements will interact and combine.
Oxidation States
Oxidation states, or oxidation numbers, are key concepts in chemistry that help chemists keep track of electrons in atoms.
These numbers represent the charge an atom would have if all bonds were ionic 鈥� a handy way to visualize electron distribution.
For instance, in many compounds, oxygen generally takes an oxidation state of -2, while hydrogen usually takes +1.
  • Oxidation states are critical for balancing chemical reactions and understanding compound characteristics.
  • They help in predicting the reactivity of different elements in a reaction.
  • Using oxidation states, we can determine how electrons are being shared or transferred in reactions.
By mastering oxidation states, you can better comprehend chemical behaviors in a wide range of scenarios, including redox reactions.
Cobalt Oxide
Cobalt oxide, with the chemical formula CoO, is a fascinating compound with a special place in chemistry. Let's delve into its composition.
In CoO, cobalt and oxygen join together. This union is determined by oxidation numbers to ensure a neutral charge.
In CoO, oxygen usually maintains an oxidation number of -2.
  • To keep the molecular charge balanced, cobalt takes on an oxidation number of +2.
  • This results in a stable compound where the sum of the oxidation states equals zero.
  • Cobalt oxide is used widely in ceramics and as a catalyst in chemical reactions.
By understanding the roles of cobalt and oxygen in this compound, you can appreciate its chemical balance and applications.

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