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Chapter 7: Problem 70

List the hydrogen orbitals in increasing order of energy.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The energy levels of hydrogen orbitals increase in the following order: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, 7p, (and so on).

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Hydrogen Atom

A hydrogen atom has only one electron. In an atom, the electron configuration refers to the distribution of electrons in atomic or molecular orbitals. For the hydrogen atom, this task is straightforward as there is only one electron to place in an orbital.
02

Energy Levels in Hydrogen Atom

The energy levels of hydrogen are determined by the quantum numbers: n is the principal quantum number, and l is the azimuthal quantum number. The energy of an orbital increases as the sum of the quantum numbers, (n + l), increase. In a hydrogen atom, the 1s level (n=1, l=0) is the lowest energy level.
03

Listing the Orbitals by Increasing Energy Levels

Following the (n+l) rule, if two orbitals have the same (n+l) value, the one with lower n has lower energy. Therefore, the energy levels of hydrogen orbitals increase in the following order - 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, 7p, (and so on).

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