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Chapter 3: Problem 61

On what law is stoichiometry based? Why is it essential to use balanced equations in solving stoichiometric problems?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Stoichiometry is based on the Law of Conservation of Mass, which states that the mass of the reactants must equal the mass of the products in a chemical reaction. Balanced equations are essential in stoichiometry as they align with this law, indicating the quantity of reactants required or the quantity of products formed during a chemical reaction.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships that exist among the reactants and products in chemical reactions.
02

Law Governing Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is based on the Law of Conservation of Mass. This law states that matter cannot be created or destroyed. In a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products.
03

Importance of Balanced Equations

Balanced equations are essential in stoichiometry as they reflect this Law of Conservation of Mass. They show how much reactants are needed or how much products are formed during a chemical reaction. Each coefficient in a balanced equation can be viewed as moles, allowing us to convert from moles of one substance to moles of another. This is key in solving stoichiometric problems.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Propane \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}\right)\) is a component of natural gas and is used in domestic cooking and heating. (a) Balance the following equation representing the combustion of propane in air: $$ \mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}+\mathrm{O}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CO}_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} $$ (b) How many grams of carbon dioxide can be produced by burning 3.65 moles of propane? Assume that oxygen is the excess reagent in this reaction.

Nitric oxide (NO) reacts with oxygen gas to form nitrogen dioxide \(\left(\mathrm{NO}_{2}\right),\) a dark-brown gas: $$ 2 \mathrm{NO}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{NO}_{2}(g) $$ In one experiment 0.886 mole of \(\mathrm{NO}\) is mixed with 0.503 mole of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\). Calculate which of the two reactants is the limiting reagent. Calculate also the number of moles of \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}\) produced.

What is the mass in grams of a single atom of each of the following elements? (a) As, (b) Ni.

Earth's population is about 6.5 billion. Suppose that every person on Earth participates in a process of counting identical particles at the rate of two particles per second. How many years would it take to count \(6.0 \times 10^{23}\) particles? Assume that there are 365 days in a year.

Why is the theoretical yield of a reaction determined only by the amount of the limiting reagent?
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