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Chapter 3: Problem 13
How many atoms are there in 5.10 moles of sulfur (S)?
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Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a food-flavor enhancer, has been blamed for "Chinese restaurant syndrome," the symptoms of which are headaches and chest pains. MSG has the following composition by mass: 35.51 percent \(\mathrm{C}, 4.77\) percent \(\mathrm{H}, 37.85\) percent \(\mathrm{O}, 8.29\) percent \(\mathrm{N},\) and 13.60 percent \(\mathrm{Na}\). What is its molecular formula if its molar mass is about \(169 \mathrm{~g} ?\)
A sample of iron weighing \(15.0 \mathrm{~g}\) was heated with potassium chlorate \(\left(\mathrm{K} \mathrm{ClO}_{3}\right)\) in an evacuated container. The oxygen generated from the decomposition of \(\mathrm{KClO}_{3}\) converted some of the Fe to \(\mathrm{Fe}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\). If the combined mass of Fe and \(\mathrm{Fe}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) was \(17.9 \mathrm{~g},\) calculate the mass of \(\mathrm{Fe}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) formed and the mass of \(\mathrm{KClO}_{3}\) decomposed.
An impure sample of zinc \((\mathrm{Zn})\) is treated with an excess of sulfuric acid \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)\) to form zinc sulfate \(\left(\mathrm{ZnSO}_{4}\right)\) and molecular hydrogen \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{2}\right) .\) (a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction. (b) If \(0.0764 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\) is obtained from \(3.86 \mathrm{~g}\) of the sample, calculate the percent purity of the sample. (c) What assumptions must you make in (b)?
Calculate the molecular mass or formula mass (in amu) of each of the following substances: (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{4}\) (b) \(\mathrm{NO}_{2},(\mathrm{c}) \mathrm{SO}_{3},\) (d) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}\) (e) NaI, (f) \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) \((\mathrm{g}) \mathrm{Ca}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}\)
A reaction having a 90 percent yield may be considered a successful experiment. However, in the synthesis of complex molecules such as chlorophyll and many anticancer drugs, a chemist often has to carry out multiple-step synthesis. What is the overall percent yield for such a synthesis, assuming it is a 30 -step reaction with a 90 percent yield at each step?
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